phumula

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-pʊ́ʊmʊda.

Verb

-phúmúla

to rest

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-pʊ́ʊmʊda.

Verb

-phúmúla

to rest

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-pʊ́ʊmʊda.

Verb

-phúmúla

to rest

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-pʊ́ʊmʊda.

Verb

-phumúla

(intransitive) to rest

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukuphumula
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuphumula	ukungaphumuli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	phumula	-phumule
Plural	phumulani	-phumuleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaphumula, ngiphumula	engiphumulayo, engiphumula	ngiphumula	angiphumuli	engingaphumuli	ngingaphumuli
2nd singular	uyaphumula, uphumula	ophumulayo, ophumula	uphumula	awuphumuli	ongaphumuli	ungaphumuli
1st plural	siyaphumula, siphumula	esiphumulayo, esiphumula	siphumula	asiphumuli	esingaphumuli	singaphumuli
2nd plural	niyaphumula, niphumula	eniphumulayo, eniphumula	niphumula	aniphumuli	eningaphumuli	ningaphumuli
Class 1	uyaphumula, uphumula	ophumulayo, ophumula	ephumula	akaphumuli	ongaphumuli	engaphumuli
Class 2	bayaphumula, baphumula	abaphumulayo, abaphumula	bephumula	abaphumuli	abangaphumuli	bengaphumuli
Class 3	uyaphumula, uphumula	ophumulayo, ophumula	uphumula	awuphumuli	ongaphumuli	ungaphumuli
Class 4	iyaphumula, iphumula	ephumulayo, ephumula	iphumula	ayiphumuli	engaphumuli	ingaphumuli
Class 5	liyaphumula, liphumula	eliphumulayo, eliphumula	liphumula	aliphumuli	elingaphumuli	lingaphumuli
Class 6	ayaphumula, aphumula	aphumulayo, aphumula	ephumula	awaphumuli	angaphumuli	engaphumuli
Class 7	siyaphumula, siphumula	esiphumulayo, esiphumula	siphumula	asiphumuli	esingaphumuli	singaphumuli
Class 8	ziyaphumula, ziphumula	eziphumulayo, eziphumula	ziphumula	aziphumuli	ezingaphumuli	zingaphumuli
Class 9	iyaphumula, iphumula	ephumulayo, ephumula	iphumula	ayiphumuli	engaphumuli	ingaphumuli
Class 10	ziyaphumula, ziphumula	eziphumulayo, eziphumula	ziphumula	aziphumuli	ezingaphumuli	zingaphumuli
Class 11	luyaphumula, luphumula	oluphumulayo, oluphumula	luphumula	aluphumuli	olungaphumuli	lungaphumuli
Class 14	buyaphumula, buphumula	obuphumulayo, obuphumula	buphumula	abuphumuli	obungaphumuli	bungaphumuli
Class 15	kuyaphumula, kuphumula	okuphumulayo, okuphumula	kuphumula	akuphumuli	okungaphumuli	kungaphumuli
Class 17	kuyaphumula, kuphumula	okuphumulayo, okuphumula	kuphumula	akuphumuli	okungaphumuli	kungaphumuli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiphumulile, ngiphumulē	engiphumulile, engiphumulē	ngiphumulile, ngiphumulē	angiphumulanga	engingaphumulanga	ngingaphumulanga
2nd singular	uphumulile, uphumulē	ophumulile, ophumulē	uphumulile, uphumulē	awuphumulanga	ongaphumulanga	ungaphumulanga
1st plural	siphumulile, siphumulē	esiphumulile, esiphumulē	siphumulile, siphumulē	asiphumulanga	esingaphumulanga	singaphumulanga
2nd plural	niphumulile, niphumulē	eniphumulile, eniphumulē	niphumulile, niphumulē	aniphumulanga	eningaphumulanga	ningaphumulanga
Class 1	uphumulile, uphumulē	ophumulile, ophumulē	ephumulile, ephumulē	akaphumulanga	ongaphumulanga	engaphumulanga
Class 2	baphumulile, baphumulē	abaphumulile, abaphumulē	bephumulile, bephumulē	abaphumulanga	abangaphumulanga	bengaphumulanga
Class 3	uphumulile, uphumulē	ophumulile, ophumulē	uphumulile, uphumulē	awuphumulanga	ongaphumulanga	ungaphumulanga
Class 4	iphumulile, iphumulē	ephumulile, ephumulē	iphumulile, iphumulē	ayiphumulanga	engaphumulanga	ingaphumulanga
Class 5	liphumulile, liphumulē	eliphumulile, eliphumulē	liphumulile, liphumulē	aliphumulanga	elingaphumulanga	lingaphumulanga
Class 6	aphumulile, aphumulē	aphumulile, aphumulē	ephumulile, ephumulē	awaphumulanga	angaphumulanga	engaphumulanga
Class 7	siphumulile, siphumulē	esiphumulile, esiphumulē	siphumulile, siphumulē	asiphumulanga	esingaphumulanga	singaphumulanga
Class 8	ziphumulile, ziphumulē	eziphumulile, eziphumulē	ziphumulile, ziphumulē	aziphumulanga	ezingaphumulanga	zingaphumulanga
Class 9	iphumulile, iphumulē	ephumulile, ephumulē	iphumulile, iphumulē	ayiphumulanga	engaphumulanga	ingaphumulanga
Class 10	ziphumulile, ziphumulē	eziphumulile, eziphumulē	ziphumulile, ziphumulē	aziphumulanga	ezingaphumulanga	zingaphumulanga
Class 11	luphumulile, luphumulē	oluphumulile, oluphumulē	luphumulile, luphumulē	aluphumulanga	olungaphumulanga	lungaphumulanga
Class 14	buphumulile, buphumulē	obuphumulile, obuphumulē	buphumulile, buphumulē	abuphumulanga	obungaphumulanga	bungaphumulanga
Class 15	kuphumulile, kuphumulē	okuphumulile, okuphumulē	kuphumulile, kuphumulē	akuphumulanga	okungaphumulanga	kungaphumulanga
Class 17	kuphumulile, kuphumulē	okuphumulile, okuphumulē	kuphumulile, kuphumulē	akuphumulanga	okungaphumulanga	kungaphumulanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāphumula	engāphumula	ngāphumula	angiphumulanga	engingaphumulanga	ngingaphumulanga
2nd singular	wāphumula	owāphumula	wāphumula	awuphumulanga	ongaphumulanga	ungaphumulanga
1st plural	sāphumula	esāphumula	sāphumula	asiphumulanga	esingaphumulanga	singaphumulanga
2nd plural	nāphumula	enāphumula	nāphumula	aniphumulanga	eningaphumulanga	ningaphumulanga
Class 1	wāphumula	owāphumula	āphumula	akaphumulanga	ongaphumulanga	engaphumulanga
Class 2	bāphumula	abāphumula	bāphumula	abaphumulanga	abangaphumulanga	bengaphumulanga
Class 3	wāphumula	owāphumula	wāphumula	awuphumulanga	ongaphumulanga	ungaphumulanga
Class 4	yāphumula	eyāphumula	yāphumula	ayiphumulanga	engaphumulanga	ingaphumulanga
Class 5	lāphumula	elāphumula	lāphumula	aliphumulanga	elingaphumulanga	lingaphumulanga
Class 6	āphumula	āphumula	āphumula	awaphumulanga	angaphumulanga	engaphumulanga
Class 7	sāphumula	esāphumula	sāphumula	asiphumulanga	esingaphumulanga	singaphumulanga
Class 8	zāphumula	ezāphumula	zāphumula	aziphumulanga	ezingaphumulanga	zingaphumulanga
Class 9	yāphumula	eyāphumula	yāphumula	ayiphumulanga	engaphumulanga	ingaphumulanga
Class 10	zāphumula	ezāphumula	zāphumula	aziphumulanga	ezingaphumulanga	zingaphumulanga
Class 11	lwāphumula	olwāphumula	lwāphumula	aluphumulanga	olungaphumulanga	lungaphumulanga
Class 14	bāphumula	obāphumula	bāphumula	abuphumulanga	obungaphumulanga	bungaphumulanga
Class 15	kwāphumula	okwāphumula	kwāphumula	akuphumulanga	okungaphumulanga	kungaphumulanga
Class 17	kwāphumula	okwāphumula	kwāphumula	akuphumulanga	okungaphumulanga	kungaphumulanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaphumula	—	ngingaphumula	ngingephumule	—	ngingephumule
2nd singular	ungaphumula	—	ungaphumula	ungephumule	—	ungephumule
1st plural	singaphumula	—	singaphumula	singephumule	—	singephumule
2nd plural	ningaphumula	—	ningaphumula	ningephumule	—	ningephumule
Class 1	angaphumula	—	engaphumula	angephumule	—	engephumule
Class 2	bangaphumula	—	bengaphumula	bangephumule	—	bengephumule
Class 3	ungaphumula	—	ungaphumula	ungephumule	—	ungephumule
Class 4	ingaphumula	—	ingaphumula	ingephumule	—	ingephumule
Class 5	lingaphumula	—	lingaphumula	lingephumule	—	lingephumule
Class 6	angaphumula	—	engaphumula	angephumule	—	engephumule
Class 7	singaphumula	—	singaphumula	singephumule	—	singephumule
Class 8	zingaphumula	—	zingaphumula	zingephumule	—	zingephumule
Class 9	ingaphumula	—	ingaphumula	ingephumule	—	ingephumule
Class 10	zingaphumula	—	zingaphumula	zingephumule	—	zingephumule
Class 11	lungaphumula	—	lungaphumula	lungephumule	—	lungephumule
Class 14	bungaphumula	—	bungaphumula	bungephumule	—	bungephumule
Class 15	kungaphumula	—	kungaphumula	kungephumule	—	kungephumule
Class 17	kungaphumula	—	kungaphumula	kungephumule	—	kungephumule
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizophumula	engizophumula	ngizophumula	angizuphumula	engingezuphumula	ngingezuphumula
2nd singular	uzophumula	ozophumula	uzophumula	awuzuphumula	ongezuphumula	ungezuphumula
1st plural	sizophumula	esizophumula	sizophumula	asizuphumula	esingezuphumula	singezuphumula
2nd plural	nizophumula	enizophumula	nizophumula	anizuphumula	eningezuphumula	ningezuphumula
Class 1	uzophumula	ozophumula	ezophumula	akazuphumula	ongezuphumula	engezuphumula
Class 2	bazophumula	abazophumula	bezophumula	abazuphumula	abangezuphumula	bengezuphumula
Class 3	uzophumula	ozophumula	uzophumula	awuzuphumula	ongezuphumula	ungezuphumula
Class 4	izophumula	ezophumula	izophumula	ayizuphumula	engezuphumula	ingezuphumula
Class 5	lizophumula	elizophumula	lizophumula	alizuphumula	elingezuphumula	lingezuphumula
Class 6	azophumula	azophumula	ezophumula	awazuphumula	angezuphumula	engezuphumula
Class 7	sizophumula	esizophumula	sizophumula	asizuphumula	esingezuphumula	singezuphumula
Class 8	zizophumula	ezizophumula	zizophumula	azizuphumula	ezingezuphumula	zingezuphumula
Class 9	izophumula	ezophumula	izophumula	ayizuphumula	engezuphumula	ingezuphumula
Class 10	zizophumula	ezizophumula	zizophumula	azizuphumula	ezingezuphumula	zingezuphumula
Class 11	luzophumula	oluzophumula	luzophumula	aluzuphumula	olungezuphumula	lungezuphumula
Class 14	buzophumula	obuzophumula	buzophumula	abuzuphumula	obungezuphumula	bungezuphumula
Class 15	kuzophumula	okuzophumula	kuzophumula	akuzuphumula	okungezuphumula	kungezuphumula
Class 17	kuzophumula	okuzophumula	kuzophumula	akuzuphumula	okungezuphumula	kungezuphumula
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyophumula	engiyophumula	ngiyophumula	angiyuphumula	engingeyuphumula	ngingeyuphumula
2nd singular	uyophumula	oyophumula	uyophumula	awuyuphumula	ongeyuphumula	ungeyuphumula
1st plural	siyophumula	esiyophumula	siyophumula	asiyuphumula	esingeyuphumula	singeyuphumula
2nd plural	niyophumula	eniyophumula	niyophumula	aniyuphumula	eningeyuphumula	ningeyuphumula
Class 1	uyophumula	oyophumula	eyophumula	akayuphumula	ongeyuphumula	engeyuphumula
Class 2	bayophumula	abayophumula	beyophumula	abayuphumula	abangeyuphumula	bengeyuphumula
Class 3	uyophumula	oyophumula	uyophumula	awuyuphumula	ongeyuphumula	ungeyuphumula
Class 4	iyophumula	eyophumula	iyophumula	ayiyuphumula	engeyuphumula	ingeyuphumula
Class 5	liyophumula	eliyophumula	liyophumula	aliyuphumula	elingeyuphumula	lingeyuphumula
Class 6	ayophumula	ayophumula	eyophumula	awayuphumula	angeyuphumula	engeyuphumula
Class 7	siyophumula	esiyophumula	siyophumula	asiyuphumula	esingeyuphumula	singeyuphumula
Class 8	ziyophumula	eziyophumula	ziyophumula	aziyuphumula	ezingeyuphumula	zingeyuphumula
Class 9	iyophumula	eyophumula	iyophumula	ayiyuphumula	engeyuphumula	ingeyuphumula
Class 10	ziyophumula	eziyophumula	ziyophumula	aziyuphumula	ezingeyuphumula	zingeyuphumula
Class 11	luyophumula	oluyophumula	luyophumula	aluyuphumula	olungeyuphumula	lungeyuphumula
Class 14	buyophumula	obuyophumula	buyophumula	abuyuphumula	obungeyuphumula	bungeyuphumula
Class 15	kuyophumula	okuyophumula	kuyophumula	akuyuphumula	okungeyuphumula	kungeyuphumula
Class 17	kuyophumula	okuyophumula	kuyophumula	akuyuphumula	okungeyuphumula	kungeyuphumula
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiphumule	ngingaphumuli
2nd singular	uphumule	ungaphumuli
1st plural	siphumule	singaphumuli
2nd plural	niphumule	ningaphumuli
Class 1	aphumule	angaphumuli
Class 2	baphumule	bangaphumuli
Class 3	uphumule	ungaphumuli
Class 4	iphumule	ingaphumuli
Class 5	liphumule	lingaphumuli
Class 6	aphumule	angaphumuli
Class 7	siphumule	singaphumuli
Class 8	ziphumule	zingaphumuli
Class 9	iphumule	ingaphumuli
Class 10	ziphumule	zingaphumuli
Class 11	luphumule	lungaphumuli
Class 14	buphumule	bungaphumuli
Class 15	kuphumule	kungaphumuli
Class 17	kuphumule	kungaphumuli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaphumula	ngangaphumula, angaphumula, angangaphumula
2nd singular	waphumula	wangaphumula, awaphumula, awangaphumula
1st plural	saphumula	sangaphumula, asaphumula, asangaphumula
2nd plural	naphumula	nangaphumula, anaphumula, anangaphumula
Class 1	waphumula	wangaphumula, akaphumula, akangaphumula
Class 2	baphumula	bangaphumula, abaphumula, abangaphumula
Class 3	waphumula	wangaphumula, awaphumula, awangaphumula
Class 4	yaphumula	yangaphumula, ayaphumula, ayangaphumula
Class 5	laphumula	langaphumula, alaphumula, alangaphumula
Class 6	aphumula	angaphumula, awaphumula, awangaphumula
Class 7	saphumula	sangaphumula, asaphumula, asangaphumula
Class 8	zaphumula	zangaphumula, azaphumula, azangaphumula
Class 9	yaphumula	yangaphumula, ayaphumula, ayangaphumula
Class 10	zaphumula	zangaphumula, azaphumula, azangaphumula
Class 11	lwaphumula	lwangaphumula, alwaphumula, alwangaphumula
Class 14	baphumula	bangaphumula, abaphumula, abangaphumula
Class 15	kwaphumula	kwangaphumula, akwaphumula, akwangaphumula
Class 17	kwaphumula	kwangaphumula, akwaphumula, akwangaphumula

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phumula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phumula (3.2.9)”

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