phawula

Xhosa

Verb

-phawula?

  1. (transitive) to mark

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-phawula?

  1. (intransitive) to comment
  2. (transitive) to notice
  3. (transitive) to brand, to mark

Inflection
Tone unknown
Infinitive ukuphawula
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuphawula ukungaphawuli
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular phawula -phawule
Plural phawulani -phawuleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyaphawula, ngiphawula engiphawulayo, engiphawula ngiphawula angiphawuli engingaphawuli ngingaphawuli
2nd singular uyaphawula, uphawula ophawulayo, ophawula uphawula awuphawuli ongaphawuli ungaphawuli
1st plural siyaphawula, siphawula esiphawulayo, esiphawula siphawula asiphawuli esingaphawuli singaphawuli
2nd plural niyaphawula, niphawula eniphawulayo, eniphawula niphawula aniphawuli eningaphawuli ningaphawuli
Class 1 uyaphawula, uphawula ophawulayo, ophawula ephawula akaphawuli ongaphawuli engaphawuli
Class 2 bayaphawula, baphawula abaphawulayo, abaphawula bephawula abaphawuli abangaphawuli bengaphawuli
Class 3 uyaphawula, uphawula ophawulayo, ophawula uphawula awuphawuli ongaphawuli ungaphawuli
Class 4 iyaphawula, iphawula ephawulayo, ephawula iphawula ayiphawuli engaphawuli ingaphawuli
Class 5 liyaphawula, liphawula eliphawulayo, eliphawula liphawula aliphawuli elingaphawuli lingaphawuli
Class 6 ayaphawula, aphawula aphawulayo, aphawula ephawula awaphawuli angaphawuli engaphawuli
Class 7 siyaphawula, siphawula esiphawulayo, esiphawula siphawula asiphawuli esingaphawuli singaphawuli
Class 8 ziyaphawula, ziphawula eziphawulayo, eziphawula ziphawula aziphawuli ezingaphawuli zingaphawuli
Class 9 iyaphawula, iphawula ephawulayo, ephawula iphawula ayiphawuli engaphawuli ingaphawuli
Class 10 ziyaphawula, ziphawula eziphawulayo, eziphawula ziphawula aziphawuli ezingaphawuli zingaphawuli
Class 11 luyaphawula, luphawula oluphawulayo, oluphawula luphawula aluphawuli olungaphawuli lungaphawuli
Class 14 buyaphawula, buphawula obuphawulayo, obuphawula buphawula abuphawuli obungaphawuli bungaphawuli
Class 15 kuyaphawula, kuphawula okuphawulayo, okuphawula kuphawula akuphawuli okungaphawuli kungaphawuli
Class 17 kuyaphawula, kuphawula okuphawulayo, okuphawula kuphawula akuphawuli okungaphawuli kungaphawuli
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiphawulile, ngiphawulē engiphawulile, engiphawulē ngiphawulile, ngiphawulē angiphawulanga engingaphawulanga ngingaphawulanga
2nd singular uphawulile, uphawulē ophawulile, ophawulē uphawulile, uphawulē awuphawulanga ongaphawulanga ungaphawulanga
1st plural siphawulile, siphawulē esiphawulile, esiphawulē siphawulile, siphawulē asiphawulanga esingaphawulanga singaphawulanga
2nd plural niphawulile, niphawulē eniphawulile, eniphawulē niphawulile, niphawulē aniphawulanga eningaphawulanga ningaphawulanga
Class 1 uphawulile, uphawulē ophawulile, ophawulē ephawulile, ephawulē akaphawulanga ongaphawulanga engaphawulanga
Class 2 baphawulile, baphawulē abaphawulile, abaphawulē bephawulile, bephawulē abaphawulanga abangaphawulanga bengaphawulanga
Class 3 uphawulile, uphawulē ophawulile, ophawulē uphawulile, uphawulē awuphawulanga ongaphawulanga ungaphawulanga
Class 4 iphawulile, iphawulē ephawulile, ephawulē iphawulile, iphawulē ayiphawulanga engaphawulanga ingaphawulanga
Class 5 liphawulile, liphawulē eliphawulile, eliphawulē liphawulile, liphawulē aliphawulanga elingaphawulanga lingaphawulanga
Class 6 aphawulile, aphawulē aphawulile, aphawulē ephawulile, ephawulē awaphawulanga angaphawulanga engaphawulanga
Class 7 siphawulile, siphawulē esiphawulile, esiphawulē siphawulile, siphawulē asiphawulanga esingaphawulanga singaphawulanga
Class 8 ziphawulile, ziphawulē eziphawulile, eziphawulē ziphawulile, ziphawulē aziphawulanga ezingaphawulanga zingaphawulanga
Class 9 iphawulile, iphawulē ephawulile, ephawulē iphawulile, iphawulē ayiphawulanga engaphawulanga ingaphawulanga
Class 10 ziphawulile, ziphawulē eziphawulile, eziphawulē ziphawulile, ziphawulē aziphawulanga ezingaphawulanga zingaphawulanga
Class 11 luphawulile, luphawulē oluphawulile, oluphawulē luphawulile, luphawulē aluphawulanga olungaphawulanga lungaphawulanga
Class 14 buphawulile, buphawulē obuphawulile, obuphawulē buphawulile, buphawulē abuphawulanga obungaphawulanga bungaphawulanga
Class 15 kuphawulile, kuphawulē okuphawulile, okuphawulē kuphawulile, kuphawulē akuphawulanga okungaphawulanga kungaphawulanga
Class 17 kuphawulile, kuphawulē okuphawulile, okuphawulē kuphawulile, kuphawulē akuphawulanga okungaphawulanga kungaphawulanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāphawula engāphawula ngāphawula angiphawulanga engingaphawulanga ngingaphawulanga
2nd singular wāphawula owāphawula wāphawula awuphawulanga ongaphawulanga ungaphawulanga
1st plural sāphawula esāphawula sāphawula asiphawulanga esingaphawulanga singaphawulanga
2nd plural nāphawula enāphawula nāphawula aniphawulanga eningaphawulanga ningaphawulanga
Class 1 wāphawula owāphawula āphawula akaphawulanga ongaphawulanga engaphawulanga
Class 2 bāphawula abāphawula bāphawula abaphawulanga abangaphawulanga bengaphawulanga
Class 3 wāphawula owāphawula wāphawula awuphawulanga ongaphawulanga ungaphawulanga
Class 4 yāphawula eyāphawula yāphawula ayiphawulanga engaphawulanga ingaphawulanga
Class 5 lāphawula elāphawula lāphawula aliphawulanga elingaphawulanga lingaphawulanga
Class 6 āphawula āphawula āphawula awaphawulanga angaphawulanga engaphawulanga
Class 7 sāphawula esāphawula sāphawula asiphawulanga esingaphawulanga singaphawulanga
Class 8 zāphawula ezāphawula zāphawula aziphawulanga ezingaphawulanga zingaphawulanga
Class 9 yāphawula eyāphawula yāphawula ayiphawulanga engaphawulanga ingaphawulanga
Class 10 zāphawula ezāphawula zāphawula aziphawulanga ezingaphawulanga zingaphawulanga
Class 11 lwāphawula olwāphawula lwāphawula aluphawulanga olungaphawulanga lungaphawulanga
Class 14 bāphawula obāphawula bāphawula abuphawulanga obungaphawulanga bungaphawulanga
Class 15 kwāphawula okwāphawula kwāphawula akuphawulanga okungaphawulanga kungaphawulanga
Class 17 kwāphawula okwāphawula kwāphawula akuphawulanga okungaphawulanga kungaphawulanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingaphawula — ngingaphawula ngingephawule — ngingephawule
2nd singular ungaphawula — ungaphawula ungephawule — ungephawule
1st plural singaphawula — singaphawula singephawule — singephawule
2nd plural ningaphawula — ningaphawula ningephawule — ningephawule
Class 1 angaphawula — engaphawula angephawule — engephawule
Class 2 bangaphawula — bengaphawula bangephawule — bengephawule
Class 3 ungaphawula — ungaphawula ungephawule — ungephawule
Class 4 ingaphawula — ingaphawula ingephawule — ingephawule
Class 5 lingaphawula — lingaphawula lingephawule — lingephawule
Class 6 angaphawula — engaphawula angephawule — engephawule
Class 7 singaphawula — singaphawula singephawule — singephawule
Class 8 zingaphawula — zingaphawula zingephawule — zingephawule
Class 9 ingaphawula — ingaphawula ingephawule — ingephawule
Class 10 zingaphawula — zingaphawula zingephawule — zingephawule
Class 11 lungaphawula — lungaphawula lungephawule — lungephawule
Class 14 bungaphawula — bungaphawula bungephawule — bungephawule
Class 15 kungaphawula — kungaphawula kungephawule — kungephawule
Class 17 kungaphawula — kungaphawula kungephawule — kungephawule
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizophawula engizophawula ngizophawula angizuphawula engingezuphawula ngingezuphawula
2nd singular uzophawula ozophawula uzophawula awuzuphawula ongezuphawula ungezuphawula
1st plural sizophawula esizophawula sizophawula asizuphawula esingezuphawula singezuphawula
2nd plural nizophawula enizophawula nizophawula anizuphawula eningezuphawula ningezuphawula
Class 1 uzophawula ozophawula ezophawula akazuphawula ongezuphawula engezuphawula
Class 2 bazophawula abazophawula bezophawula abazuphawula abangezuphawula bengezuphawula
Class 3 uzophawula ozophawula uzophawula awuzuphawula ongezuphawula ungezuphawula
Class 4 izophawula ezophawula izophawula ayizuphawula engezuphawula ingezuphawula
Class 5 lizophawula elizophawula lizophawula alizuphawula elingezuphawula lingezuphawula
Class 6 azophawula azophawula ezophawula awazuphawula angezuphawula engezuphawula
Class 7 sizophawula esizophawula sizophawula asizuphawula esingezuphawula singezuphawula
Class 8 zizophawula ezizophawula zizophawula azizuphawula ezingezuphawula zingezuphawula
Class 9 izophawula ezophawula izophawula ayizuphawula engezuphawula ingezuphawula
Class 10 zizophawula ezizophawula zizophawula azizuphawula ezingezuphawula zingezuphawula
Class 11 luzophawula oluzophawula luzophawula aluzuphawula olungezuphawula lungezuphawula
Class 14 buzophawula obuzophawula buzophawula abuzuphawula obungezuphawula bungezuphawula
Class 15 kuzophawula okuzophawula kuzophawula akuzuphawula okungezuphawula kungezuphawula
Class 17 kuzophawula okuzophawula kuzophawula akuzuphawula okungezuphawula kungezuphawula
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyophawula engiyophawula ngiyophawula angiyuphawula engingeyuphawula ngingeyuphawula
2nd singular uyophawula oyophawula uyophawula awuyuphawula ongeyuphawula ungeyuphawula
1st plural siyophawula esiyophawula siyophawula asiyuphawula esingeyuphawula singeyuphawula
2nd plural niyophawula eniyophawula niyophawula aniyuphawula eningeyuphawula ningeyuphawula
Class 1 uyophawula oyophawula eyophawula akayuphawula ongeyuphawula engeyuphawula
Class 2 bayophawula abayophawula beyophawula abayuphawula abangeyuphawula bengeyuphawula
Class 3 uyophawula oyophawula uyophawula awuyuphawula ongeyuphawula ungeyuphawula
Class 4 iyophawula eyophawula iyophawula ayiyuphawula engeyuphawula ingeyuphawula
Class 5 liyophawula eliyophawula liyophawula aliyuphawula elingeyuphawula lingeyuphawula
Class 6 ayophawula ayophawula eyophawula awayuphawula angeyuphawula engeyuphawula
Class 7 siyophawula esiyophawula siyophawula asiyuphawula esingeyuphawula singeyuphawula
Class 8 ziyophawula eziyophawula ziyophawula aziyuphawula ezingeyuphawula zingeyuphawula
Class 9 iyophawula eyophawula iyophawula ayiyuphawula engeyuphawula ingeyuphawula
Class 10 ziyophawula eziyophawula ziyophawula aziyuphawula ezingeyuphawula zingeyuphawula
Class 11 luyophawula oluyophawula luyophawula aluyuphawula olungeyuphawula lungeyuphawula
Class 14 buyophawula obuyophawula buyophawula abuyuphawula obungeyuphawula bungeyuphawula
Class 15 kuyophawula okuyophawula kuyophawula akuyuphawula okungeyuphawula kungeyuphawula
Class 17 kuyophawula okuyophawula kuyophawula akuyuphawula okungeyuphawula kungeyuphawula
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngiphawule ngingaphawuli
2nd singular uphawule ungaphawuli
1st plural siphawule singaphawuli
2nd plural niphawule ningaphawuli
Class 1 aphawule angaphawuli
Class 2 baphawule bangaphawuli
Class 3 uphawule ungaphawuli
Class 4 iphawule ingaphawuli
Class 5 liphawule lingaphawuli
Class 6 aphawule angaphawuli
Class 7 siphawule singaphawuli
Class 8 ziphawule zingaphawuli
Class 9 iphawule ingaphawuli
Class 10 ziphawule zingaphawuli
Class 11 luphawule lungaphawuli
Class 14 buphawule bungaphawuli
Class 15 kuphawule kungaphawuli
Class 17 kuphawule kungaphawuli
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaphawula ngangaphawula, angaphawula, angangaphawula
2nd singular waphawula wangaphawula, awaphawula, awangaphawula
1st plural saphawula sangaphawula, asaphawula, asangaphawula
2nd plural naphawula nangaphawula, anaphawula, anangaphawula
Class 1 waphawula wangaphawula, akaphawula, akangaphawula
Class 2 baphawula bangaphawula, abaphawula, abangaphawula
Class 3 waphawula wangaphawula, awaphawula, awangaphawula
Class 4 yaphawula yangaphawula, ayaphawula, ayangaphawula
Class 5 laphawula langaphawula, alaphawula, alangaphawula
Class 6 aphawula angaphawula, awaphawula, awangaphawula
Class 7 saphawula sangaphawula, asaphawula, asangaphawula
Class 8 zaphawula zangaphawula, azaphawula, azangaphawula
Class 9 yaphawula yangaphawula, ayaphawula, ayangaphawula
Class 10 zaphawula zangaphawula, azaphawula, azangaphawula
Class 11 lwaphawula lwangaphawula, alwaphawula, alwangaphawula
Class 14 baphawula bangaphawula, abaphawula, abangaphawula
Class 15 kwaphawula kwangaphawula, akwaphawula, akwangaphawula
Class 17 kwaphawula kwangaphawula, akwaphawula, akwangaphawula

References
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