paliwo

Polish

Etymology

From palić +‎ -iwo. Calque of French combustible and German Brennstoff, coined with the widespread use of steam machines.[1] First attested in 1783.[2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /paˈli.vɔ/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ivɔ
  • Syllabification: pa‧li‧wo

Noun

paliwo n (related adjective paliwowy)

  1. fuel, propellant (substance consumed to provide energy through combustion, or through chemical or nuclear reaction)
  2. (obsolete, humorous) tobacco (leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing)
    Synonym: tytoń

Declension
Declension of paliwo
singular plural
nominative paliwo paliwa
genitive paliwa paliw
dative paliwu paliwom
accusative paliwo paliwa
instrumental paliwem paliwami
locative paliwie paliwach
vocative paliwo paliwa

Derived terms
nouns

Descendants
  • → Kashubian: palëwò

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), paliwo is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 41 times in scientific texts, 5 times in news, 10 times in essays, 1 time in fiction, and 2 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 59 times, making it the 1094th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[3]

References
  1. Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “paliwo”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. Johann Wenzel Pol (1783) Neuverbesserte Böhmische Grammatik, mit all erforderlichen tüchtigen Grundsätzen, gut, und verläßlicher Rechtschreibung, Ableitung, und zufolge dieser verschiedener Bedeutung der böhmischen Wörter bewehrt...‎ (in German), Trattner, page 316
  3. Ida Kurcz (1990) “paliwo”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 353

Further reading
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