pûer
Old Tupi
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pʷer (“ancient”), from Proto-Tupian *pʷet (“ancient”).[1]
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní -kue.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpʷɛɾ]
- Rhymes: -ɛɾ
- Hyphenation: pûer
Adjective
pûer
- old; ancient (having existed for a long period of time)
- ybyrapûera ― old tree
- 16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, compiled by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro and Helder Perri Ferreira, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 104:
- Aroŷrõ xe rekopûera.
- I hate my old law.
- ex; former; then (previously but no longer)
- obsolete
- extinct
- finished
Declension
Declension of pûer (consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)
| Singular | Singular & Plural | Plural | ||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person exclusive | 1st person inclusive | 2nd person | |
| Adjectival forms | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | ||||||
| Indicative | xe pûer | nde pûer | i pûer | oré pûer | îandé pûer | pe pûer |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Permissive | ta xe pûer | ta nde pûer | t'i pûer | t'oré pûer | t'îandé pûer | ta pe pûer |
| Negative indicative | na xe pûeri | na nde pûeri | n'i pûeri | n'oré pûeri | n'îandé pûeri | na pe pûeri |
| Negative imperative | nde pûer umẽ | pe pûer umẽ | ||||
| Negative permissive | ta xe pûer umẽ | ta nde pûer umẽ | t'i pûer umẽ | t'oré pûer umẽ | t'îandé pûer umẽ | ta pe pûer umẽ |
| Gerund | ||||||
| Affirmative | xe pûeramo | nde pûeramo | o pûeramo | oré pûeramo | îandé pûeramo | pe pûeramo |
| Negative | xe pûere'ymamo | nde pûere'ymamo | o pûere'ymamo | oré pûere'ymamo | îandé pûere'ymamo | pe pûere'ymamo |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Affirmative | pûera | |||||
| Negative | pûere'yma | |||||
| Circumstantial | ||||||
| Affirmative | xe pûeramo | o pûeramo | oré pûeramo | îandé pûeramo | ||
| xe pûeri1 | i pûeri1 | oré pûeri1 | îandé pûeri1 | |||
| Negative | xe pûere'ymamo | o pûere'ymamo | oré pûere'ymamo | îandé pûere'ymamo | ||
| xe pûere'ymi1 | i pûere'ymi1 | oré pûere'ymi1 | îandé pûere'ymi1 | |||
| 1North Tupi | ||||||
Antonyms
Derived terms
- -pûer
- rambûer
Descendants
- Nheengatu: kwera
References
- Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 411
- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2005) chapter 8, in Método Moderno de Tupi Antigo: a língua do Brasil dos primeiros séculos (in Portuguese), 3 edition, São Paulo: Global Editora, →ISBN, O tempo nominal em tupi, pages 108–110
- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “pûer”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, pages 408–409
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