luceo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *loukēō, from earlier *loukejō, from Proto-Indo-European causative *lowk-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- ("bright, shine"). Cognate with *louks (whence lūx).

Alternatively, from loukēō, from earlier *loukējō, modeled after a stative verb from the same root.

Pronunciation

Verb

lūceō (present infinitive lūcēre, perfect active lūxī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

  1. to shine
    Requiem aeternam dona eis, et lux perpetua luceat eis.
    Give them eternal rest, and let perpetual light shine upon them.
  2. (of the day) to dawn, become light
  3. to show through; to become visible
  4. to be conspicuous, apparent, evident

Conjugation
   Conjugation of lūceō (second conjugation, no supine stem, active only)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present lūceō lūcēs lūcet lūcēmus lūcētis lūcent
imperfect lūcēbam lūcēbās lūcēbat lūcēbāmus lūcēbātis lūcēbant
future lūcēbō lūcēbis lūcēbit lūcēbimus lūcēbitis lūcēbunt
perfect lūxī lūxistī lūxit lūximus lūxistis lūxērunt,
lūxēre
pluperfect lūxeram lūxerās lūxerat lūxerāmus lūxerātis lūxerant
future perfect lūxerō lūxeris lūxerit lūxerimus lūxeritis lūxerint
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present lūceam lūceās lūceat lūceāmus lūceātis lūceant
imperfect lūcērem lūcērēs lūcēret lūcērēmus lūcērētis lūcērent
perfect lūxerim lūxerīs lūxerit lūxerīmus lūxerītis lūxerint
pluperfect lūxissem lūxissēs lūxisset lūxissēmus lūxissētis lūxissent
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — lūcē — — lūcēte —
future — lūcētō lūcētō — lūcētōte lūcentō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives lūcēre lūxisse — — — —
participles lūcēns — — — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
lūcendī lūcendō lūcendum lūcendō — —

Derived terms
Derived terms

Descendants
  • Italo-Romance:
    • Italian: lucere (archaic)
    • Neapolitan: luce, lice
  • Insular Romance:
  • North Italian:
    • Friulian: [ˈluʒe]
    • Old Lombard: lusar
    • Piedmontese: luse, lise
    • Romansch: lüschair
    • Old Venetian: luzer (Belluno)
  • Vulgar Latin:
    • *extrālūcēre
      • Lombard: straluce
      • Romansch: traglischar

Reflexes of an assumed variant *lūcīre:[1]

  • Balkan Romance:
  • Dalmatian:
  • North Italian:
    • Friulian: lusî
    • Ligurian: luxî
    • Lombard: lusì
    • Piedmontese: lusì
    • Romansch: glüschir
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Vulgar Latin: *extrālūcīre

References
  1. Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “lūcēre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 5: J L, page 432

Further reading
  • “luceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “luceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • luceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • when it was day: ubi illuxit, luxit, diluxit
    • it is daylight: lucet
    • (ambiguous) at daybreak: prima luce
    • (ambiguous) in full daylight: luce (luci)
    • (ambiguous) to enjoy the privilege of living; to be alive: vita or hac luce frui
    • (ambiguous) to shun publicity: forensi luce carere
    • (ambiguous) this is as clear as daylight: hoc est luce (sole ipso) clarius
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