llwm

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *lummo-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to bend; to peel, tear, flake off, damage”), see also Lithuanian lùpti (“to peel”), Latvian lupt (“to peel; eat”), Proto-Slavic *lupiti (“to peel”).[1] Cognate with Old Irish lomm.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɬʊm/
  • Rhymes: -ʊm

Adjective

llwm (feminine singular llom, plural llymion, equative llymed, comparative llymach, superlative llymaf)

  1. barren, bleak, bare
    Synonyms: moel, noeth, agored
    • 1918, Hedd Wyn, Atgo:
      Dim ond lleuad borffor / Ar fin y mynydd llwm; / A sŵn hen afon Prysor / Yn canu yn y Cwm.
      Only a purple moon / On the edge of the bare mountain; / And the sound of the old river Prysor / Singing in the Valley.
  2. poor, destitute
    Synonyms: tlawd, anghenus

Derived terms
  • llymder (“poverty, destitution”)

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
llwm lwm unchanged unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “llwm”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN
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