liežuvis
Lithuanian
Liežuvis
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Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *inźūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s. Cognate with Old Prussian insuwis, Proto-Slavic *(j)ęzykъ, Armenian լեզու (lezu).
The initial l- in the Lithuanian form was likely influenced by liẽžti (“to lick”). The same pattern can be observed in Old Armenian լեզու (lezu, “tongue”), լիզեմ (lizem, “lick”). According to Hilmarsson,[1] there are also Russian dialects where "l'azyk" is used, from лиза́ть (lizátʹ) + язы́к (jazýk).
Hilmarsson goes on to propose a development from *inźū → *inźuwis (as seen in Prussian) > Proto-Lithuanian *įžuwis → liežuvis.
Declension
Declension of liežùvis
| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (vardininkas) | liežùvis | liežùviai |
| genitive (kilmininkas) | liežùvio | liežùvių |
| dative (naudininkas) | liežùviui | liežùviams |
| accusative (galininkas) | liežùvį | liežuviùs |
| instrumental (įnagininkas) | liežuviù | liežùviais |
| locative (vietininkas) | liežùvyje | liežùviuose |
| vocative (šauksmininkas) | liežùvi | liežùviai |
References
- “liežuvis”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
- Derksen, Rick (2015) “liežuvis”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285
- “liežuvis”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
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