leth
Middle English
Old Irish
Etymology
From Primitive Irish *ᚂᚓᚈᚐᚄ (*letas), from Proto-Celtic *letos, perhaps cognate with Latin latus (“side”), or from Proto-Celtic *ɸletos.[1]
Celtic cognates include Welsh lled (“breadth, width, half”), Middle Breton let, led (“large”), and Cornish les.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /l͈ʲeθ/
Noun
leth n (genitive leith or leithe, nominative plural leth or leithe)
- half
- c. 700, Glosses in the Computus Einsidlensis, published in "The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)", Ériu 58 (2008, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Jacopo Bisagni and Immo Warntjes
- maá triun, laigu leut
- [5/12 is] greater than one third, smaller than one half.
- c. 700, Glosses in the Computus Einsidlensis, published in "The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)", Ériu 58 (2008, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Jacopo Bisagni and Immo Warntjes
- direction
- side
Declension
Especially in meaning "half":
| Neuter o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | lethN | lethN | lethL |
| Vocative | lethN | lethN | lethL |
| Accusative | lethN | lethN | lethL |
| Genitive | leithL | leth | lethN |
| Dative | leuthL | lethaib | lethaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Especially in meaning "side":
| Neuter s-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | lethN | lethN | leitheL |
| Vocative | lethN | lethN | leitheL |
| Accusative | lethN | lethN | leitheL |
| Genitive | leitheL | leithe | leitheN |
| Dative | leithL | leithib | leithib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| leth also lleth after a proclitic |
leth pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/ |
unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*letos”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 238-239
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “leth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Saxon
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *laiþaz.
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish leth, from Proto-Celtic *letos, perhaps cognate with Latin latus (“side”), or from Proto-Celtic *ɸletos.[1]
Celtic cognates include Welsh lled (“breadth, width, half”), Middle Breton let, led (“large”), and Cornish les.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʎe/, [ʎeh]
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*letos”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 238-239
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “leth”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “leth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Yola
Etymology
From Middle English leten, from Old English lǣtan, from Proto-West Germanic *lātan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɛt/
Verb
leth
- let
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Leth it be; Leth aam.
- Let it be; Let them.
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 53
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