koolma
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kooldak, from Proto-Uralic *kale-. Cognates with Finnish kuolla, Hungarian hal. Replaced with surema in the standard language.
Conjugation
Conjugation of koolma (ÕS type 33/naerma, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | koolen | ei koole | 1st sing. | olen koolnud | ei ole koolnud pole koolnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kooled | 2nd sing. | oled koolnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kooleb | 3rd sing. | on koolnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kooleme | 1st plur. | oleme koolnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | koolete | 2nd plur. | olete koolnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | koolevad | 3rd plur. | on koolnud | ||||||
| passive | kooldakse | ei koolda | passive | on kooldud | ei ole kooldud pole kooldud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | koolsin | ei koolnud | 1st sing. | olin koolnud | ei olnud koolnud polnud koolnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | koolsid | 2nd sing. | olid koolnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | koolis | 3rd sing. | oli koolnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | koolsime | 1st plur. | olime koolnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | koolsite | 2nd plur. | olite koolnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | koolsid | 3rd plur. | oli koolnud | ||||||
| passive | kooldi | ei kooldud | passive | oli kooldud | ei olnud kooldud polnud kooldud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kooleksin | ei kooleks | 1st sing. | koolnuksin oleksin koolnud |
ei koolnuks ei oleks koolnud poleks koolnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kooleksid | 2nd sing. | koolnuksid oleksid koolnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kooleks | 3rd sing. | koolnuks oleks koolnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kooleksime | 1st plur. | koolnuksime oleksime koolnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kooleksite | 2nd plur. | koolnuksite oleksite koolnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kooleksid | 3rd plur. | koolnuksid oleksid koolnud | ||||||
| passive | kooldaks | ei kooldaks | passive | oleks kooldud | ei oleks kooldud poleks kooldud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | koole | ära koole | 2nd sing. | ole koolnud | ära ole koolnud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | koolgu | ärgu koolgu | 3rd sing. | olgu koolnud | ärgu olgu koolnud | ||||
| 1st plur. | koolgem | ärme kooleme ärme koole ärgem koolgem |
1st plur. | olgem koolnud | ärme oleme koolnud ärme ole koolnud ärgem olgem koolnud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | koolge | ärge koolge | 2nd plur. | olge koolnud | ärge olge koolnud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | koolgu | ärgu koolgu | 3rd plur. | olgu koolnud | ärgu olgu koolnud | ||||
| passive | kooldagu | ärgu kooldagu | passive | olgu kooldud | ärgu olgu kooldud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | koolvat | ei koolvat | active | olevat koolnud | ei olevat koolnud polevat koolnud | ||||
| passive | kooldavat | ei kooldavat | passive | olevat kooldud | ei olevat kooldud polevat kooldud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | koolma | kooldama | nominative | koolda | olla koolnud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | kooldes | olles koolnud | |||||
| inessive | koolmas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | koolmast | present | koolev | kooldav | |||||
| translative | koolmaks | past | koolnud | kooldud | |||||
| abessive | koolmata | negative | koolmatu | — | |||||
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