kihisema
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kihistäk, a sound-symbolic root. Akin to Finnish kihistä.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkihisemɑ/, [ˈkiɦisemɑ]
- Rhymes: -ihisemɑ
- Hyphenation: ki‧hi‧se‧ma
Verb
kihisema (da-infinitive kihiseda)
- (intransitive) to sizzle, hiss; to bubble
- Klaasides kihiseb šampanja. ― Champagne is bubbling in the glasses.
- Kraavi põhjas oli kihisev muda. ― There was a bubbling layer of mud at the bottom of the ditch.
- Elektripliidil kihises kohvivesi. ― Coffee water was sizzling on the electric stove.
- (intransitive) to swarm, pullulate; to teem, crawl with
- Synonym: kihama
- Kärbseparv kihises solgiaugu kohal. ― Flies were swarming over the sinkhole.
- Rahutu rahvahulk kihiseb nagu sipelgapesa. ― An unruly crowd swarms like an anthill.
- Jõed kihisesid kaladest. ― The rivers were teeming with fish.
- (intransitive, figurative, of emotions) to seethe, boil; to rage
- Synonym: kihama
Conjugation
Conjugation of kihisema (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kihisen | ei kihise | 1st sing. | olen kihisenud | ei ole kihisenud pole kihisenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kihised | 2nd sing. | oled kihisenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kihiseb | 3rd sing. | on kihisenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kihiseme | 1st plur. | oleme kihisenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kihisete | 2nd plur. | olete kihisenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kihisevad | 3rd plur. | on kihisenud | ||||||
| passive | kihisetakse | ei kihiseta | passive | on kihisetud | ei ole kihisetud pole kihisetud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kihisesin | ei kihisenud | 1st sing. | olin kihisenud | ei olnud kihisenud polnud kihisenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kihisesid | 2nd sing. | olid kihisenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kihises | 3rd sing. | oli kihisenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kihisesime | 1st plur. | olime kihisenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kihisesite | 2nd plur. | olite kihisenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kihisesid | 3rd plur. | oli kihisenud | ||||||
| passive | kihiseti | ei kihisetud | passive | oli kihisetud | ei olnud kihisetud polnud kihisetud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kihiseksin | ei kihiseks | 1st sing. | kihisenuksin oleksin kihisenud |
ei kihisenuks ei oleks kihisenud poleks kihisenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kihiseksid | 2nd sing. | kihisenuksid oleksid kihisenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kihiseks | 3rd sing. | kihisenuks oleks kihisenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kihiseksime | 1st plur. | kihisenuksime oleksime kihisenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kihiseksite | 2nd plur. | kihisenuksite oleksite kihisenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kihiseksid | 3rd plur. | kihisenuksid oleksid kihisenud | ||||||
| passive | kihisetaks | ei kihisetaks | passive | oleks kihisetud | ei oleks kihisetud poleks kihisetud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kihise | ära kihise | 2nd sing. | ole kihisenud | ära ole kihisenud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | kihisegu | ärgu kihisegu | 3rd sing. | olgu kihisenud | ärgu olgu kihisenud | ||||
| 1st plur. | kihisegem | ärme kihiseme ärme kihise ärgem kihisegem |
1st plur. | olgem kihisenud | ärme oleme kihisenud ärme ole kihisenud ärgem olgem kihisenud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | kihisege | ärge kihisege | 2nd plur. | olge kihisenud | ärge olge kihisenud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | kihisegu | ärgu kihisegu | 3rd plur. | olgu kihisenud | ärgu olgu kihisenud | ||||
| passive | kihisetagu | ärgu kihisetagu | passive | olgu kihisetud | ärgu olgu kihisetud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | kihisevat | ei kihisevat | active | olevat kihisenud | ei olevat kihisenud polevat kihisenud | ||||
| passive | kihisetavat | ei kihisetavat | passive | olevat kihisetud | ei olevat kihisetud polevat kihisetud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | kihisema | kihisetama | nominative | kihiseda | olla kihisenud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | kihisedes | olles kihisenud | |||||
| inessive | kihisemas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | kihisemast | present | kihisev | kihisetav | |||||
| translative | kihisemaks | past | kihisenud | kihisetud | |||||
| abessive | kihisemata | negative | kihisematu | — | |||||
Derived terms
- kihin
- kihistama
Related terms
- kiha
- kihamine
- kihevil
- kihevile
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