jarl

See also: Jarl

English

Etymology

From Old Norse jarl, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ). Cognates include Old English eorl. Doublet of earl.

Pronunciation
  • (General American) IPA(key): /jɑɹl̩/
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /jɑːl/
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)l

Noun

jarl (plural jarls)

  1. (historical) A medieval Scandinavian nobleman, especially in Norway and Denmark.

Translations

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse jarl.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈjarl/, /ˈjɑːˀl/, [ˈjɑ̰̈ˑl̺]

Noun

jarl c (singular definite jarlen, plural indefinite jarler)

  1. (historical) jarl (a title given to the highest noblemen in Norse times.)
  2. an earl (British nobleman)

Inflection
Declension of jarl
common
gender		 Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative jarl jarlen jarler jarlerne
genitive jarls jarlens jarlers jarlernes

References

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse jarl, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *erlaz, akin to Old English eorl (English earl).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /jartl/
  • Rhymes: -artl

Noun

jarl m (genitive singular jarls, nominative plural jarlar)

  1. jarl
  2. earl (especially applied to nobles of Britain in modern times)

Declension
declension of jarl
m-s1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative jarl jarlinn jarlar jarlarnir
accusative jarl jarlinn jarla jarlana
dative jarli jarlinum jörlum jörlunum
genitive jarls jarlsins jarla jarlanna

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse jarl.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /jɑːɭ/

Noun

jarl m (definite singular jarlen, indefinite plural jarler, definite plural jarlene)

  1. (historical) jarl (a title given to the highest noblemen in Norse times. Went out of use in the 14th century.)
  2. an earl (British nobleman)

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse jarl.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /jɑrl/, /jɑːɭ/

Noun

jarl m (definite singular jarlen, indefinite plural jarlar, definite plural jarlane)

  1. (historical) jarl (a title given to the highest noblemen in Norse times. Went out of use in the 14th century).
  2. an earl (British nobleman)

References

Old Norse

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Norse ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *erlaz.

Noun

jarl m (genitive jarls)

  1. (poetic) A highborn, noble man or warrior.
  2. earl (in dignity next to the king)

Declension
  Declension of jarl (strong a-stem)
masculine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative jarl jarlinn jarlar jarlarnir
accusative jarl jarlinn jarla jarlana
dative jarli jarlinum jǫrlum jǫrlunum
genitive jarls jarlsins jarla jarlanna

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Icelandic: jarl
  • Faroese: jallur
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: jarl
  • Old Swedish: iarl, iærl
    • Swedish: järl
  • Old Danish: ierl
  • → Danish: jarl (reborrowed)
    • Norwegian Bokmål: jarl
  • → English: jarl
  • → Finnish: jaarli
  • → Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)

References
  • “jarl” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • “jarl”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse jarl, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /jarl/
  • Rhymes: -arl
  • Syllabification: jarl

Noun

jarl m pers

  1. (historical) jarl (medieval Scandinavian nobleman, especially in Norway and Denmark)
  2. (historical) jarl (leader of a viking team)

Declension
Declension of jarl
singular plural
nominative jarl jarlowie
genitive jarla jarlów
dative jarlowi jarlom
accusative jarla jarlów
instrumental jarlem jarlami
locative jarlu jarlach
vocative jarlu jarlowie

Further reading
  • jarl in Polish dictionaries at PWN
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