jꜥf

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb
ia
f

 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to wring out (wet clothes) [Middle and New Kingdoms]
  2. (transitive) to press, to squeeze out (wine or grape juice) [Middle and New Kingdoms]

Inflection
Conjugation of jꜥf (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jꜥf, geminated stem: jꜥff
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
jꜥf
 jꜥfw, jꜥf
 jꜥft
 jꜥf
 jꜥf
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
jꜥf
 ḥr jꜥf
 m jꜥf
 r jꜥf
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect jꜥf.n
 jꜥfw, jꜥf
 consecutive jꜥf.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative jꜥft
perfective3 jꜥf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 jꜥf.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective jꜥf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 jꜥf
 jꜥff
 potentialis1 jꜥf.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive jꜥf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect jꜥf.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective jꜥf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 jꜥf
 jꜥf, jꜥfw5, jꜥfy5
imperfective jꜥf, jꜥfy, jꜥfw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 jꜥf, jꜥfj6, jꜥfy6
 jꜥf, jꜥfw5
prospective jꜥf, jꜥftj7
 — jꜥftj4, jꜥft4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜥf  
a
a		 f
D40
a
a		 fW
D40
a
a		 fV6A24
ꜥꜥf ꜥꜥfw ꜥꜥf
[Middle Kingdom] [Medical papyri] [New Kingdom]

Descendants
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲱϥ (ōf)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲱϥⲓ (ōfi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲱϥⲉ (ōfe), ⲱⲃⲉ (ōbe), ⲱϥ (ōf), ⲱⲃ (ōb)

References
  • “jꜥf (lemma ID 21710)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 41.3–41.4
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 11
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