infensus

Latin

Etymology

Formed as if the perfect passive participle of a (not necessarily extant) verb *īnfendō, from in- +‎ *fendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to strike”). Compare dēfēnsus from dēfendō. Contrast īnfestus, which is unrelated .

Pronunciation

Adjective

īnfēnsus (feminine īnfēnsa, neuter īnfēnsum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. hostile, inimical, aggressive
    Synonyms: hostīlis, inimīcus, inīquus, īnfestus, adversus, dīversus, āversus, oblīquus
    Antonyms: affābilis, amīcābilis, facilis, benevolēns
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.320–321:
      “Tē propter Libycae gentēs Nomadumque tyrannī / īnfēnsī Tyriī.”
      “Because of you, the Libyan tribes and the Numidian king [all] hate [me], [and even my own] Tyrian people [are] hostile [to me].”
  2. enraged
  3. dangerous
    Synonyms: anceps, perīculōsus, dubius, capitālis

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative īnfēnsus īnfēnsa īnfēnsum īnfēnsī īnfēnsae īnfēnsa
Genitive īnfēnsī īnfēnsae īnfēnsī īnfēnsōrum īnfēnsārum īnfēnsōrum
Dative īnfēnsō īnfēnsō īnfēnsīs
Accusative īnfēnsum īnfēnsam īnfēnsum īnfēnsōs īnfēnsās īnfēnsa
Ablative īnfēnsō īnfēnsā īnfēnsō īnfēnsīs
Vocative īnfēnse īnfēnsa īnfēnsum īnfēnsī īnfēnsae īnfēnsa

Derived terms

References
  • “infensus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “infensus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • infensus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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