gyda

From Old Norse gjóta, from Proto-Germanic *geutaną.

• IPA^(key): [jø̀ʏːda], [d͡ʑỳːða]

gyda (preterite singular gød, supine gødeð)

1. to pour

• gydag (used before vowels)
• 'da, 'dag (abbreviated form)

cyd (“joint, united”) +‎ â (“with”), mutated as it comes at the head of an adverbial phrase. The pronunciation with /ɨ̞ ~ ɪ/ is reflective of its origin as two separate words.

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɨ̞da/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɪda/, /ˈɡəda/
  • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /da/
• Rhymes: -ɨ̞da, -əda

gyda

1. (literary, South Wales colloquial) with (indicating company)

   Synonym: efo

2. (South Wales colloquial) with (indicating instrument)

   Synonyms: â, efo

3. (chiefly South Wales) used after bod to form possessive phrases

   Synonym: gan

   Mae'r llyfr gyda fi.

   I have the book.

   (literally, “The book is with me.”)

   Roedd dwy chwaer gyda fe.

   He had two sisters.

   (literally, “There were two sisters with him.”)

   Oes swydd gyda chi ar hyn o bryd?

   Do you have a job at the moment?

   (literally, “Is there a job with you at the moment?”)

• Gyda triggers the aspirate mutation in formal language, but in speech this is usually absent.
• Before a word beginning with a vowel, gydag is used instead, but often remains as gyda in colloquial versions of the language.