gwanu
Welsh
Etymology
From Middle Welsh gwanu, from Proto-Brythonic *gwėnɨd, from Proto-Celtic *gʷaneti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen-.
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈɡwanɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈɡwa(ː)ni/
- Rhymes: -anɨ̞
Verb
gwanu (first-person singular present gwanaf)(transitive)
- to stab, to pierce
- to raid
- to penetrate in sexual intercourse.
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | gwanaf | gweni | gwana | gwanwn | gwenwch, gwanwch | gwanant | gwenir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
gwanwn | gwanit | gwanai | gwanem | gwanech | gwanent | gwenid | |
| preterite | gwenais | gwenaist | gwanodd | gwanasom | gwanasoch | gwanasant | gwanwyd | |
| pluperfect | gwanaswn | gwanasit | gwanasai | gwanasem | gwanasech | gwanasent | gwanasid, gwanesid | |
| present subjunctive | gwanwyf | gwenych | gwano | gwanom | gwanoch | gwanont | gwaner | |
| imperative | — | gwana | gwaned | gwanwn | gwenwch, gwanwch | gwanent | gwaner | |
| verbal noun | gwanu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | gwanedig gwanadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | gwana i, gwanaf i | gwani di | gwanith o/e/hi, gwaniff e/hi | gwanwn ni | gwanwch chi | gwanan nhw |
| conditional | gwanwn i, gwanswn i | gwanet ti, gwanset ti | gwanai fo/fe/hi, gwansai fo/fe/hi | gwanen ni, gwansen ni | gwanech chi, gwansech chi | gwanen nhw, gwansen nhw |
| preterite | gwanais i, gwanes i | gwanaist ti, gwanest ti | gwanodd o/e/hi | gwanon ni | gwanoch chi | gwanon nhw |
| imperative | — | gwana | — | — | gwanwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
- gwaniad m (“stab”)
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| gwanu | wanu | ngwanu | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwanu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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