gorchfygu
Welsh
Etymology
Syncopic form of gorchyfygu, from Middle Welsh gorchyvygu.
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ɡɔrχˈvəɡɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ɡɔrχˈvəɡi/
Verb
gorchfygu (first-person singular present gorchfygaf)
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | gorchfygaf | gorchfygi | gorchfyga | gorchfygwn | gorchfygwch | gorchfygant | gorchfygir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
gorchfygwn | gorchfygit | gorchfygai | gorchfygem | gorchfygech | gorchfygent | gorchfygid | |
| preterite | gorchfygais | gorchfygaist | gorchfygodd | gorchfygasom | gorchfygasoch | gorchfygasant | gorchfygwyd | |
| pluperfect | gorchfygaswn | gorchfygasit | gorchfygasai | gorchfygasem | gorchfygasech | gorchfygasent | gorchfygasid, gorchfygesid | |
| present subjunctive | gorchfygwyf | gorchfygych | gorchfygo | gorchfygom | gorchfygoch | gorchfygont | gorchfyger | |
| imperative | — | gorchfyga | gorchfyged | gorchfygwn | gorchfygwch | gorchfygent | gorchfyger | |
| verbal noun | gorchfygu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | gorchfygedig gorchfygadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | gorchfyga i, gorchfygaf i | gorchfygi di | gorchfygith o/e/hi, gorchfygiff e/hi | gorchfygwn ni | gorchfygwch chi | gorchfygan nhw |
| conditional | gorchfygwn i, gorchfygswn i | gorchfyget ti, gorchfygset ti | gorchfygai fo/fe/hi, gorchfygsai fo/fe/hi | gorchfygen ni, gorchfygsen ni | gorchfygech chi, gorchfygsech chi | gorchfygen nhw, gorchfygsen nhw |
| preterite | gorchfygais i, gorchfyges i | gorchfygaist ti, gorchfygest ti | gorchfygodd o/e/hi | gorchfygon ni | gorchfygoch chi | gorchfygon nhw |
| imperative | — | gorchfyga | — | — | gorchfygwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
- gorchfygiad (“conquest, defeat, overthrowing”)
- gorchfygol (“victorious, triumphant”)
- gorchfygwr (“victor, conqueror”)
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| gorchfygu | orchfygu | ngorchfygu | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gorchfygu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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