gáu
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *gāwā.[1]
Noun
gáu f (genitive gue, nominative plural goa or gúa)
- lie, falsehood
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14c23
- co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sin im labrad-sa .i. gáu et fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélib et aní imme·rádin ó chridiu
- so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 21c11
- .i. as·berat as nDía cloine Macc, ol sodin as gó doib.
- i.e. who say that the Son is a God of iniquity, which, however, is a lie on their part.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14c23
- false judgement
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 40a15
- Cindas ṁbias iarna cétbuid-sem? ɔid gau dóib-sem in chruth-sin a n-as·berat nad·ṁbed ad plures.
- How then will it be according to their opinion? So that they are wrong [lit. it is a falsehood] then when they say that there is no [comparison] ad plures.
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 40a15
Inflection
| Feminine ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | gáuL, góL | góiL | góaH, gúa |
| Vocative | gáuL, góL | góiL | góaH, gúa |
| Accusative | góiN | góiL | góaH, gúa |
| Genitive | gueH | gáuL | gáuN |
| Dative | góiL | *góaib | *góaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Descendants
- Middle Irish: gó
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| gáu | gáu pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/ |
ngáu |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gāwā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 154
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “gáu”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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