forcain
Old Irish
Pronunciation
Deuterotonic:
- IPA(key): [forˈkanʲ]
Prototonic:
- IPA(key): [ˈforkɨnʲ]
Verb
for·cain (prototonic ·forcain, verbal noun forcital)
- to teach, to instruct
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 29a12
- indhí pridchite et for·chanat bréthir Dǽ
- those who preach and teach God’s word
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 114b11
- in popul for·cechnae-siu
- the people whom you sg will instruct
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 29a12
Inflection
Complex, class B I present, reduplicated preterite, a future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | for·canim, for·cun | for·cain | for·canat | for·canar | for·cantar | |||
| Prot. | ·forcain | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | for·canainn | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | for·roíchan | for·roíchan | for·roíchain (misspelled for·rochain in Ml. 68b8) | for·roichechnatar | ||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | for·cechan | for·cechnae | for·cechna | |||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | for·cane | for·cana | for·canit | |||||
| Prot. | ·farcan | ·forcane | ·farcanat | ||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | for·canainn | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | forcanad | forcanid | |||||||
| Verbal noun | forcital | ||||||||
| Past participle | foircthe | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | foircthi; forcanti | ||||||||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| for·cain | for·chain | for·cain pronounced with /-ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “forcain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 480
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