fluctuer

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fluctuāre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /flyk.tɥe/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

fluctuer

  1. to fluctuate (to vary irregularly; to swing)

Conjugation
Conjugation of fluctuer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple fluctuer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple fluctuant
/flyk.tɥɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle fluctué
/flyk.tɥe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present fluctue
/flyk.ty/		 fluctues
/flyk.ty/		 fluctue
/flyk.ty/		 fluctuons
/flyk.tɥɔ̃/		 fluctuez
/flyk.tɥe/		 fluctuent
/flyk.ty/
imperfect fluctuais
/flyk.tɥɛ/		 fluctuais
/flyk.tɥɛ/		 fluctuait
/flyk.tɥɛ/		 fluctuions
/flyk.ty.jɔ̃/		 fluctuiez
/flyk.ty.je/		 fluctuaient
/flyk.tɥɛ/
past historic2 fluctuai
/flyk.tɥe/		 fluctuas
/flyk.tɥa/		 fluctua
/flyk.tɥa/		 fluctuâmes
/flyk.tɥam/		 fluctuâtes
/flyk.tɥat/		 fluctuèrent
/flyk.tɥɛʁ/
future fluctuerai
/flyk.ty.ʁe/		 fluctueras
/flyk.ty.ʁa/		 fluctuera
/flyk.ty.ʁa/		 fluctuerons
/flyk.ty.ʁɔ̃/		 fluctuerez
/flyk.ty.ʁe/		 fluctueront
/flyk.ty.ʁɔ̃/
conditional fluctuerais
/flyk.ty.ʁɛ/		 fluctuerais
/flyk.ty.ʁɛ/		 fluctuerait
/flyk.ty.ʁɛ/		 fluctuerions
/flyk.ty.ʁjɔ̃/		 fluctueriez
/flyk.ty.ʁje/		 fluctueraient
/flyk.ty.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present fluctue
/flyk.ty/		 fluctues
/flyk.ty/		 fluctue
/flyk.ty/		 fluctuions
/flyk.ty.jɔ̃/		 fluctuiez
/flyk.ty.je/		 fluctuent
/flyk.ty/
imperfect2 fluctuasse
/flyk.tɥas/		 fluctuasses
/flyk.tɥas/		 fluctuât
/flyk.tɥa/		 fluctuassions
/flyk.tɥa.sjɔ̃/		 fluctuassiez
/flyk.tɥa.sje/		 fluctuassent
/flyk.tɥas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — fluctue
/flyk.ty/		 — fluctuons
/flyk.tɥɔ̃/		 fluctuez
/flyk.tɥe/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

Latin

Verb

flūctuer

  1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of flūctuō
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