esquiver
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French esquiver (“to escape”), from Spanish esquivar (“to avoid, reject, elude”), itself from Old French eschiver from Proto-West Germanic *skiuhan, if not formed from esquivo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛs.ki.ve/
Audio (file)
Verb
esquiver
Conjugation
Conjugation of esquiver (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | esquiver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | esquivant /ɛs.ki.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | esquivé /ɛs.ki.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | esquive /ɛs.kiv/ |
esquives /ɛs.kiv/ |
esquive /ɛs.kiv/ |
esquivons /ɛs.ki.vɔ̃/ |
esquivez /ɛs.ki.ve/ |
esquivent /ɛs.kiv/ |
| imperfect | esquivais /ɛs.ki.vɛ/ |
esquivais /ɛs.ki.vɛ/ |
esquivait /ɛs.ki.vɛ/ |
esquivions /ɛs.ki.vjɔ̃/ |
esquiviez /ɛs.ki.vje/ |
esquivaient /ɛs.ki.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | esquivai /ɛs.ki.ve/ |
esquivas /ɛs.ki.va/ |
esquiva /ɛs.ki.va/ |
esquivâmes /ɛs.ki.vam/ |
esquivâtes /ɛs.ki.vat/ |
esquivèrent /ɛs.ki.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | esquiverai /ɛs.ki.vʁe/ |
esquiveras /ɛs.ki.vʁa/ |
esquivera /ɛs.ki.vʁa/ |
esquiverons /ɛs.ki.vʁɔ̃/ |
esquiverez /ɛs.ki.vʁe/ |
esquiveront /ɛs.ki.vʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | esquiverais /ɛs.ki.vʁɛ/ |
esquiverais /ɛs.ki.vʁɛ/ |
esquiverait /ɛs.ki.vʁɛ/ |
esquiverions /ɛs.ki.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
esquiveriez /ɛs.ki.və.ʁje/ |
esquiveraient /ɛs.ki.vʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | esquive /ɛs.kiv/ |
esquives /ɛs.kiv/ |
esquive /ɛs.kiv/ |
esquivions /ɛs.ki.vjɔ̃/ |
esquiviez /ɛs.ki.vje/ |
esquivent /ɛs.kiv/ |
| imperfect2 | esquivasse /ɛs.ki.vas/ |
esquivasses /ɛs.ki.vas/ |
esquivât /ɛs.ki.va/ |
esquivassions /ɛs.ki.va.sjɔ̃/ |
esquivassiez /ɛs.ki.va.sje/ |
esquivassent /ɛs.ki.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | esquive /ɛs.kiv/ |
— | esquivons /ɛs.ki.vɔ̃/ |
esquivez /ɛs.ki.ve/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “esquiver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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