esmolar

Catalan

Etymology

From es- +‎ mola (“grindstone, millstone”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

Verb

esmolar (first-person singular present esmolo, first-person singular preterite esmolí, past participle esmolat); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /ɔ/

  1. (transitive, also figurative) to sharpen, to hone
    Synonym: afilar
    • 1934, Joan Puig i Ferreter, Camins de França:
      La realitat t'ha portat entremig de moltes menes d'homes, t'ha fet conèixer diversos oficis, t'ha ensenyat de rumiar, d'esmolar l'enginy, ha multiplicat la teva astúcia i la teva força, i amb tot això no t'has alliberat de fer coneixença amb el fred i la fam.
      Reality has brought you among many types of men, it has acquainted you with different trades, it has taught you to ponder, to hone your wits, it has increased your cunning and your strength, and with all that you haven't set yourself free from getting to know cold and hunger.

Conjugation
    Conjugation of esmolar (first conjugation)
infinitive esmolar
gerund esmolant
past participle masculine feminine
singular esmolat esmolada
plural esmolats esmolades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present esmolo esmoles esmola esmolem esmoleu esmolen
imperfect esmolava esmolaves esmolava esmolàvem esmolàveu esmolaven
future esmolaré esmolaràs esmolarà esmolarem esmolareu esmolaran
preterite esmolí esmolares esmolà esmolàrem esmolàreu esmolaren
conditional esmolaria esmolaries esmolaria esmolaríem esmolaríeu esmolarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present esmoli esmolis esmoli esmolem esmoleu esmolin
imperfect esmolés esmolessis esmolés esmoléssim esmoléssiu esmolessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — esmola esmoli esmolem esmoleu esmolin
negative (no) — no esmolis no esmoli no esmolem no esmoleu no esmolin

Derived terms

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

From esmola +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /iz.moˈla(ʁ)/ [iz.moˈla(h)], /ez.moˈla(ʁ)/ [ez.moˈla(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /iz.moˈla(ɾ)/, /ez.moˈla(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /iʒ.moˈla(ʁ)/ [iʒ.moˈla(χ)], /eʒ.moˈla(ʁ)/ [eʒ.moˈla(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ez.moˈla(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʒ.muˈlaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʒ.muˈla.ɾi/

Verb

esmolar (first-person singular present esmolo, first-person singular preterite esmolei, past participle esmolado) (transitive or intransitive)

  1. to give as alms, to donate
  2. to ask as alms, to beg

Conjugation
    Conjugation of esmolar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal esmolar
Personal esmolar esmolares esmolar esmolarmos esmolardes esmolarem
Gerund
esmolando
Past participle
Masculine esmolado esmolados
Feminine esmolada esmoladas
Indicative
Present esmolo esmolas esmola esmolamos esmolais esmolam
Imperfect esmolava esmolavas esmolava esmolávamos esmoláveis esmolavam
Preterite esmolei esmolaste esmolou esmolamos1, esmolámos2 esmolastes esmolaram
Pluperfect esmolara esmolaras esmolara esmoláramos esmoláreis esmolaram
Future esmolarei esmolarás esmolará esmolaremos esmolareis esmolarão
Conditional esmolaria esmolarias esmolaria esmolaríamos esmolaríeis esmolariam
Subjunctive
Present esmole esmoles esmole esmolemos esmoleis esmolem
Imperfect esmolasse esmolasses esmolasse esmolássemos esmolásseis esmolassem
Future esmolar esmolares esmolar esmolarmos esmolardes esmolarem
Imperative
Affirmative esmola esmole esmolemos esmolai esmolem
Negative (não) não esmoles não esmole não esmolemos não esmoleis não esmolem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

References
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