cróa

Old Irish

cróa (“horse hoof or shoe”)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

cróa m

hoof
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 46^b13
  cróa ― glosses Latin ungula (“hoof”)
horseshoe
- Sechtae, published in Ancient Laws of Ireland: Uraicecht Becc and Certain Other Selected Brehon Law Tracts (1901, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited and with translations by W. Neilson Hancock, Thaddeus O'Mahony, Alexander George Richey, and Robert Atkinson, vol. 5, pp. 117-373, page 156
  Atait secht n-aithsceanmanda feardu [sic; leg. At·taat secht n-aithscenmann fertae] fuil la Feine, na·tuillit fíachu na othrus... aithsceinm a cruib [e]ach, [...]
  There are seven reboundings that shed blood among the Irish that do not incur debts nor medical expense [for the one responsible for the injury to care for the injured]... [e.g.] the rebounding of horses' horseshoes...

Masculine io-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	crue, cróa	crue^L, cróa	crui^L
Vocative	crui	crue^L, cróa	cruu
Accusative	crue^N, cróa	crue^L, cróa	cruu^H
Genitive	crui^L	crue^L, cróa	crue^N, cróa
Dative	cruu^L	cruib	cruib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

Middle Irish: crua
- Irish: crú (“animal shoe”)
- Scottish Gaelic: crudha
- Manx: crou (“animal shoe, tyre”)

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
cróa	chróa	cróa pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.