contrefaire

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French contrefaire, from Late Latin *contrāfaciō, corresponding to contrā (“against”) + faciō (“to make”). By surface analysis, contre- +‎ faire.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛʁ/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

contrefaire

  1. to forge, counterfeit
  2. to imitate, mimic
  3. to disguise

Conjugation
Conjugation of contrefaire (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple contrefaire
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple contrefaisant
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).zɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle contrefait
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛ/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present contrefais
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛ/		 contrefais
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛ/		 contrefait
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛ/		 contrefaisons
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).zɔ̃/		 contrefaites
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛt/		 contrefont
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɔ̃/
imperfect contrefaisais
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).zɛ/		 contrefaisais
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).zɛ/		 contrefaisait
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).zɛ/		 contrefaisions
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fə.zjɔ̃/		 contrefaisiez
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fə.zje/		 contrefaisaient
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).zɛ/
past historic2 contrefis
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fi/		 contrefis
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fi/		 contrefit
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fi/		 contrefîmes
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fim/		 contrefîtes
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fit/		 contrefirent
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fiʁ/
future contreferai
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁe/		 contreferas
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁa/		 contrefera
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁa/		 contreferons
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁɔ̃/		 contreferez
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁe/		 contreferont
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁɔ̃/
conditional contreferais
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁɛ/		 contreferais
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁɛ/		 contreferait
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁɛ/		 contreferions
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fə.ʁjɔ̃/		 contreferiez
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fə.ʁje/		 contreferaient
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present contrefasse
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fas/		 contrefasses
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fas/		 contrefasse
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fas/		 contrefassions
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fa.sjɔ̃/		 contrefassiez
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fa.sje/		 contrefassent
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fas/
imperfect2 contrefisse
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fis/		 contrefisses
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fis/		 contrefît
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fi/		 contrefissions
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fi.sjɔ̃/		 contrefissiez
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fi.sje/		 contrefissent
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fis/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — contrefais
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛ/		 — contrefaisons
/kɔ̃.tʁə.f(ə).zɔ̃/		 contrefaites
/kɔ̃.tʁə.fɛt/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

Anagrams

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Late Latin *contrāfaciō, corresponding to contrā (“against”) + faciō (“to make”). By surface analysis, contre- +‎ faire.

Verb

contrefaire

  1. to counterfeit (make false objects)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of contrefaire (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive contrefaire avoir contrefait
gerund en contrefaisant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle contrefaisant
past participle contrefait
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present contrefaz, contrefai contrefais contrefait contrefaimes, contrefaisons contrefaites contrefont
imperfect contrefaisoie, contrefaiseie contrefaisoies, contrefaiseies contrefaisoit, contrefaiseit contrefaisiiens, contrefaisiens contrefaisiiez, contrefaisiez contrefaisoient, contrefaiseient
preterite contrefis contrefeṣis contrefist contrefeṣimes contrefeṣistes contrefirent
future contreferai contreferas contrefera contreferons contreferoiz, contrefereiz, contreferez contreferont
conditional contreferoie, contrefereie contreferoies, contrefereies contreferoit, contrefereit contreferiiens, contreferiens contreferiiez, contreferiez contreferoient, contrefereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present contreface contrefaces contreface contrefaciens, contrefaçons contrefaciez contrefacent
imperfect contrefeṣisse contrefeṣisses contrefeṣist contrefeṣissons, contrefeṣissiens contrefeṣissoiz, contrefeṣissez, contrefeṣissiez contrefeṣissent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— contrefa — contrefaimes, contrefaisons contrefaites —

Descendants
  • English: to counterfeit
  • French: contrefaire
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