contrôler
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French contreroller, contreroler, from contrerole, from Medieval Latin contrarotulum (“a counter-roll or register used to verify accounts”), from Latin contrā (“against, opposite”) + Medieval Latin rotulus, Latin rotula (“roll, a little wheel”), diminutive of rota (“a wheel”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɔ̃.tʁo.le/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of contrôler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | contrôler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | contrôlant /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | contrôlé /kɔ̃.tʁo.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | contrôle /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
contrôles /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
contrôle /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
contrôlons /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɔ̃/ |
contrôlez /kɔ̃.tʁo.le/ |
contrôlent /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
| imperfect | contrôlais /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɛ/ |
contrôlais /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɛ/ |
contrôlait /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɛ/ |
contrôlions /kɔ̃.tʁo.ljɔ̃/ |
contrôliez /kɔ̃.tʁo.lje/ |
contrôlaient /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | contrôlai /kɔ̃.tʁo.le/ |
contrôlas /kɔ̃.tʁo.la/ |
contrôla /kɔ̃.tʁo.la/ |
contrôlâmes /kɔ̃.tʁo.lam/ |
contrôlâtes /kɔ̃.tʁo.lat/ |
contrôlèrent /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | contrôlerai /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁe/ |
contrôleras /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁa/ |
contrôlera /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁa/ |
contrôlerons /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁɔ̃/ |
contrôlerez /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁe/ |
contrôleront /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | contrôlerais /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁɛ/ |
contrôlerais /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁɛ/ |
contrôlerait /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁɛ/ |
contrôlerions /kɔ̃.tʁo.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
contrôleriez /kɔ̃.tʁo.lə.ʁje/ |
contrôleraient /kɔ̃.tʁol.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | contrôle /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
contrôles /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
contrôle /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
contrôlions /kɔ̃.tʁo.ljɔ̃/ |
contrôliez /kɔ̃.tʁo.lje/ |
contrôlent /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
| imperfect2 | contrôlasse /kɔ̃.tʁo.las/ |
contrôlasses /kɔ̃.tʁo.las/ |
contrôlât /kɔ̃.tʁo.la/ |
contrôlassions /kɔ̃.tʁo.la.sjɔ̃/ |
contrôlassiez /kɔ̃.tʁo.la.sje/ |
contrôlassent /kɔ̃.tʁo.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | contrôle /kɔ̃.tʁol/ |
— | contrôlons /kɔ̃.tʁo.lɔ̃/ |
contrôlez /kɔ̃.tʁo.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- → Catalan: controlar
- → Italian: controllare
- → Neapolitan: controllare
- → Portuguese: controlar
- → Spanish: controlar
Further reading
- “contrôler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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