confermer

Middle French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin confirmō.

Verb

confermer

to confirm

Conjugation

Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of confermer

infinitive	compound	avoir + past participle
infinitive	simple	confermer
present participle¹ or gerund²	simple	confermant
present participle¹ or gerund²	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		confermé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	conferme	confermes	conferme	confermons	confermez	conferment
	imperfect	confermois, confermoys	confermois, confermoys	confermoit, confermoyt	confermions, confermyons	confermiez, confermyez	confermoient, confermoyent
	past historic	conferma	confermas	conferma	confermasmes	confermastes	confermerent
	future	confermerai, confermeray	confermeras	confermera	confermerons	confermerez	confermeront
	conditional	confermerois, confermeroys	confermerois, confermeroys	confermeroit, confermeroyt	confermerions, confermeryons	confermeriez, confermeryez	confermeroient, confermeroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	conferme	confermes	conferme	confermons	confermez	conferment
(simple tenses)	imperfect	confermasse	confermasses	confermast	confermassions	confermassiez	confermassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
(compound tenses)	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	~~nous~~	~~vous~~	–
simple		—	conferme	—	confermons	confermez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
¹ The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
² The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Related terms

affermer

Descendants

French: confirmer

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin confirmō.

Verb

confermer

to confirm

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-rms, *-rmt are modified to rs, rt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Conjugation of confermer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		confermer			avoir confermé
gerund		en confermant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		confermant
past participle		confermé
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	conferm	confermes	conferme	confermons	confermez	conferment
	imperfect	confermoie, confermeie, confermoe, confermeve	confermoies, confermeies, confermoes, confermeves	confermoit, confermeit, confermot, confermeve	confermiiens, confermiens	confermiiez, confermiez	confermoient, confermeient, confermoent, confermevent
	preterite	confermai	confermas	conferma	confermames	confermastes	confermerent
	future	confermerai	confermeras	confermera	confermerons	confermeroiz, confermereiz, confermerez	confermeront
	conditional	confermeroie, confermereie	confermeroies, confermereies	confermeroit, confermereit	confermeriiens, confermeriens	confermeriiez, confermeriez	confermeroient, confermereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	conferm	confers	confert	confermons	confermez	conferment
simple tenses	imperfect	confermasse	confermasses	confermast	confermissons, confermissiens	confermissoiz, confermissez, confermissiez	confermassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
imperative		—	conferme	—	confermons	confermez	—

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