cahoter
French
Etymology
Uncertain. The Trésor de la langue française suggests a derivation from Middle Dutch hotten (“to shake”). Other sources suggest a derivation from Latin quatiō, from Frankish *hottôn, or that the word is onomatopoeic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ka.ɔ.te/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of cahoter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | cahoter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | cahotant /ka.ɔ.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | cahoté /ka.ɔ.te/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cahote /ka.ɔt/ |
cahotes /ka.ɔt/ |
cahote /ka.ɔt/ |
cahotons /ka.ɔ.tɔ̃/ |
cahotez /ka.ɔ.te/ |
cahotent /ka.ɔt/ |
| imperfect | cahotais /ka.ɔ.tɛ/ |
cahotais /ka.ɔ.tɛ/ |
cahotait /ka.ɔ.tɛ/ |
cahotions /ka.ɔ.tjɔ̃/ |
cahotiez /ka.ɔ.tje/ |
cahotaient /ka.ɔ.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | cahotai /ka.ɔ.te/ |
cahotas /ka.ɔ.ta/ |
cahota /ka.ɔ.ta/ |
cahotâmes /ka.ɔ.tam/ |
cahotâtes /ka.ɔ.tat/ |
cahotèrent /ka.ɔ.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | cahoterai /ka.ɔ.tʁe/ |
cahoteras /ka.ɔ.tʁa/ |
cahotera /ka.ɔ.tʁa/ |
cahoterons /ka.ɔ.tʁɔ̃/ |
cahoterez /ka.ɔ.tʁe/ |
cahoteront /ka.ɔ.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | cahoterais /ka.ɔ.tʁɛ/ |
cahoterais /ka.ɔ.tʁɛ/ |
cahoterait /ka.ɔ.tʁɛ/ |
cahoterions /ka.ɔ.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cahoteriez /ka.ɔ.tə.ʁje/ |
cahoteraient /ka.ɔ.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cahote /ka.ɔt/ |
cahotes /ka.ɔt/ |
cahote /ka.ɔt/ |
cahotions /ka.ɔ.tjɔ̃/ |
cahotiez /ka.ɔ.tje/ |
cahotent /ka.ɔt/ |
| imperfect2 | cahotasse /ka.ɔ.tas/ |
cahotasses /ka.ɔ.tas/ |
cahotât /ka.ɔ.ta/ |
cahotassions /ka.ɔ.ta.sjɔ̃/ |
cahotassiez /ka.ɔ.ta.sje/ |
cahotassent /ka.ɔ.tas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | cahote /ka.ɔt/ |
— | cahotons /ka.ɔ.tɔ̃/ |
cahotez /ka.ɔ.te/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “cahoter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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