caeth

Welsh

Etymology 1

From Old Welsh kaeth, kaet, cahet, cayt (“slave”), from Proto-Brythonic *kaɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kaxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós.

Pronunciation

Adjective

caeth (feminine singular caeth, plural caethion, equative caethed, comparative caethach, superlative caethaf)

  1. bound, captive, tied
  2. addicted
  3. strict (poetic metre)

Noun

caeth m (plural caethion)

  1. slave
  2. captive
  3. bondsman, villein

Derived terms
  • canu caeth (“strict metre poetry”)
  • caeth i'r tŷ (“housebound”)
  • caethiwed (“bondage, enslavement”)
  • caethiwo (“to enslave”)
  • caethwas (“slave”)

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /kaːɨ̯θ/
  • (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /kai̯θ/
  • Rhymes: -aːɨ̯θ

Verb

caeth

  1. third-person singular preterite of cael

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
caeth gaeth nghaeth chaeth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “caeth”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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