brucan

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *brūkan (“to enjoy, use”).

Cognates
Cognate with Old Frisian brūka, Old Saxon brūkan, Old Dutch *brūkan, Old High German brūhhan, Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (brukjan). The Indo-European root was also the source of Latin fruor (“enjoy”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈbruː.kɑn/

Verb

brūcan (+ genitive)

  1. to use
  2. to enjoy
    • late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
      Uton nū brūcan þisses undernmetes swā þā sċulon þe heora ǣfenġifl on helle ġefeċċan sċulon.
      Now let's enjoy this breakfast as comrades who must fetch their dinner in hell.
  3. to harness, take advantage of, employ, exploit

Conjugation
Conjugation of brūcan (strong class 2)
infinitive brūcan brūcenne
indicative mood present tense past tense
first person singular brūce brēac
second person singular brȳcst bruce
third person singular brȳcþ brēac
plural brūcaþ brucon
subjunctive present tense past tense
singular brūce bruce
plural brūcen brucen
imperative
singular brūc
plural brūcaþ
participle present past
brūcende (ġe)brocen

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Middle English: brouken
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