ardre

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French ardre~ardoir, from Old French ardre~ardoir, the first from Vulgar Latin *ārdĕre and the second directly from Latin ārdēre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /aʁdʁ/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -waʁ

Verb

ardre

  1. (archaic, transitive) to burn
  2. (archaic, intransitive) to consume

Conjugation
Conjugation of ardre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple ardre
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple ardant
/aʁ.dɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle ardu
/aʁ.dy/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present ards
/aʁ/		 ards
/aʁ/		 ard
/aʁ/		 ardons
/aʁ.dɔ̃/		 ardez
/aʁ.de/		 ardent
/aʁd/
imperfect ardais
/aʁ.dɛ/		 ardais
/aʁ.dɛ/		 ardait
/aʁ.dɛ/		 ardions
/aʁ.djɔ̃/		 ardiez
/aʁ.dje/		 ardaient
/aʁ.dɛ/
past historic2 ardis
/aʁ.di/		 ardis
/aʁ.di/		 ardit
/aʁ.di/		 ardîmes
/aʁ.dim/		 ardîtes
/aʁ.dit/		 ardirent
/aʁ.diʁ/
future ardrai
/aʁ.dʁe/		 ardras
/aʁ.dʁa/		 ardra
/aʁ.dʁa/		 ardrons
/aʁ.dʁɔ̃/		 ardrez
/aʁ.dʁe/		 ardront
/aʁ.dʁɔ̃/
conditional ardrais
/aʁ.dʁɛ/		 ardrais
/aʁ.dʁɛ/		 ardrait
/aʁ.dʁɛ/		 ardrions
/aʁ.dʁi.jɔ̃/		 ardriez
/aʁ.dʁi.je/		 ardraient
/aʁ.dʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present arde
/aʁd/		 ardes
/aʁd/		 arde
/aʁd/		 ardions
/aʁ.djɔ̃/		 ardiez
/aʁ.dje/		 ardent
/aʁd/
imperfect2 ardisse
/aʁ.dis/		 ardisses
/aʁ.dis/		 ardît
/aʁ.di/		 ardissions
/aʁ.di.sjɔ̃/		 ardissiez
/aʁ.di.sje/		 ardissent
/aʁ.dis/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — ards
/aʁ/		 — ardons
/aʁ.dɔ̃/		 ardez
/aʁ.de/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Synonyms

Further reading

Middle French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old French ardre~ardoir.

Verb

ardre (past participle ars)

  1. to burn

Descendants
  • French: ardre (archaic)

Old French

Verb

ardre

  1. Alternative form of ardoir

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of ardre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive ardre avoir ars
gerund en ardant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle ardant
past participle ars
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present art arz art ardons ardez ardent
imperfect ardoie, ardeie ardoies, ardeies ardoit, ardeit ardiiens, ardiens ardiiez, ardiez ardoient, ardeient
preterite ars arsis arst arsimes arsistes arstrent
future ardrai ardras ardra ardrons ardroiz, ardreiz, ardrez ardront
conditional ardroie, ardreie ardroies, ardreies ardroit, ardreit ardriiens, ardriens ardriiez, ardriez ardroient, ardreient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present arde, arge ardes, arges arde, arge ardons, argiens, arjons ardez, argiez ardent, argent
imperfect arsisse arsisses arsist arsissons, arsissiens arsissoiz, arsissez, arsissiez arsissent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— art — ardons ardez —
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