alare

Italian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /aˈla.re/
  • Rhymes: -are
  • Hyphenation: a‧là‧re

Etymology 1

From Latin alāris.

Adjective

alare (plural alari)

  1. (relational) wing
  2. (anatomy) alar

Etymology 2

Probably from latin Lares.

Noun

alare m (plural alari)

  1. fire dog; andiron

Etymology 3

Borrowed from French haler.

Verb

alàre (first-person singular present àlo, first-person singular past historic alài, past participle alàto, auxiliary avére)

  1. (transitive, nautical) to haul (on a rope, etc.)
Conjugation
    Conjugation of alàre (-are) (See Appendix:Italian verbs)
infinitive alàre
auxiliary verb avére gerund alàndo
present participle alànte past participle alàto
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative io tu lui/lei, esso/essa noi voi loro, essi/esse
present àlo àli àla aliàmo alàte àlano
imperfect alàvo alàvi alàva alavàmo alavàte alàvano
past historic alài alàsti alò alàmmo alàste alàrono
future alerò alerài alerà alerémo aleréte alerànno
conditional io tu lui/lei, esso/essa noi voi loro, essi/esse
present alerèi alerésti alerèbbe, alerébbe alerémmo aleréste alerèbbero, alerébbero
subjunctive che io che tu che lui/che lei, che esso/che essa che noi che voi che loro, che essi/che esse
present àli àli àli aliàmo aliàte àlino
imperfect alàssi alàssi alàsse alàssimo alàste alàssero
imperative — tu Lei noi voi Loro
àla àli aliàmo alàte àlino
negative imperative non alàre non àli non aliàmo non alàte non àlino

Further reading
  • alare1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
  • alare2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
  • alare3 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Attested in the Reichenau Glossary.[1] Multiple etymologies have been proposed.

The traditional etymology is from ambulō, possibly through a contracted form *amlō or *alō used in military commands; however, this is problematic for several reasons.[2][3] Another etymology derives it from Gaulish *aliu, from Proto-Celtic *ɸal-. (compare Welsh elwyf (“I may go”), Cornish ellev (“I may go”), from full grade *ɸel-)[4][5] A third etymology derives it from allātus, irregular past participle of afferō, through a reflexive se afferō (“carry oneself”) (compare French s’en aller) > *se allātus est (in Classical Latin, perfective "carried oneself", but in Vulgar Latin, "carry oneself" > "go") reformed on the model of the past participle like several other Vulgar Latin verbs such as *oblitāre, ausāre, and ūsāre.[6]

This verb is suppletive in all attested descendants, with vādō supplying the present singular, present third-person plural, and eō sometimes supplying the future and conditional. Compare Early Medieval Latin andāre.

Verb

alāre (Early Medieval Latin)

  1. to go
Descendants
  • Franco-Provençal: alar, alô, alâ
  • Friulian: lâ
  • Old French: aler (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “ambŭlare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 427
  2. 1939, D. A. Paton, On the origin of aller, in Studies in French Language and Mediaeval Literature, page 301: The opinion that ambulare is the origin of aller has been and is held by so many eminent etymologists that it is with some diffidence I venture to suggest another source. [...] By these suggestions I am not attempting to prove that aller and ambler are of different origin, but only to show that such a theory is not only possible, but probable. The real and to my mind insuperable objection to ambulare as the source of aller is the phonetic question, and here we find that the supporters of ambulare, in explaining its unique development, arrive at their common conclusion by entirely different routes. Ducange would take aller as coming from ambler. Schuchardt's reasoning is as follows: – ambulare to *ammulare to *amlare to aller. [...] More recently, Meyer-Lübke's view is that ambulare was simply contracted to *allare, the contraction being particularly natural in the imperative mood. Gammillscheg also points out that ambulate, used in the army as a word of command, would easily be shortened to *alate.
  3. 1934, Eugene F. Parker, A Defense of the Etymology Allatus, Allare, Aller in PMLA, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 1026-1027: The specious supposition that ambulare might have given rise to the various verbs of "going" in the Romance languages "by distortion, as in military commands" is unsatisfactory for two reasons. First, military commands should be clear and distinct (despite one or two notorious cases which will immediately suggest themselves). Second, there is no indication that this verb ever was used in giving commands, for there appear to be no extant copies of drill regulations of the Roman expeditionary forces.
  4. 1773, Charles Vallancey, A Grammar of the Iberno-Celtic, Or Irish Language, page 84: aill, go thou [...] from hence aller the French verb, to go
  5. 1873, Louis A. Languellier, H. M. Monsanto, A pratical course with the French language, page 487: "words which [...] belong to the ancient Gallic or Celtic speech [...include] aller, to go"
  6. 1934, Eugene F. Parker, A Defense of the Etymology Allatus, Allare, Aller in PMLA, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 1025-1031

Verb

alāre

  1. second-person singular present passive subjunctive of alō
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