< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tiunijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *tiunijaną.

Verb

*tiunijan

  1. (North Sea Germanic) to injure

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *tiunijan
1st sg. past *tiunidā
Infinitive *tiunijan
Genitive infin. *tiunijannjas
Dative infin. *tiunijannjē
Instrum. infin. *tiunijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *tiuniju *tiunidā
2nd singular *tiunisi *tiunidēs, *tiunidōs
3rd singular *tiuniþi *tiunidē, *tiunidā
1st plural *tiunijum *tiunidum
2nd plural *tiuniþ *tiunidud
3rd plural *tiunijanþ *tiunidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *tiunijē *tiunidī
2nd singular *tiunijēs *tiunidī
3rd singular *tiunijē *tiunidī
1st plural *tiunijēm *tiunidīm
2nd plural *tiunijēþ *tiunidīd
3rd plural *tiunijēn *tiunidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *tiuni
Plural *tiuniþ
Present Past
Participle *tiunijandī *tiunid

Descendants

  • Old English: tēonian, tīenan, tȳnan
  • Old Frisian: tiūna, tiōna
    • West Frisian: tsjoene (to hex, enchant, bewitch; to cast a spell)
  • Old Saxon: *tiunian
    • Old Saxon: gitiunian
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