< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tą̄h(ī)

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *tanhuz + * (adjective suffix).

Adjective

*tą̄h(ī)[1]

  1. tough

Inflection

a-stem
Singular Masculine
Nominative *tą̄h
Genitive *tą̄has
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *tą̄h *tą̄hu *tą̄h
Accusative *tą̄hanā *tą̄hā *tą̄h
Genitive *tą̄has *tą̄heʀā *tą̄has
Dative *tą̄humē *tą̄heʀē *tą̄humē
Instrumental *tą̄hu *tą̄heʀu *tą̄hu
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *tą̄hē *tą̄hō *tą̄hu
Accusative *tą̄hā *tą̄hā *tą̄hu
Genitive *tą̄heʀō *tą̄heʀō *tą̄heʀō
Dative *tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum *tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum *tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
Instrumental *tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum *tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum *tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
ja-stem
Singular Masculine
Nominative *tą̄hī
Genitive *tą̄hijas
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *tą̄hī *tą̄hiju *tą̄hī
Accusative *tą̄hijanā *tą̄hijā *tą̄hī
Genitive *tą̄hijas *tą̄hijeʀā *tą̄hijas
Dative *tą̄hijumē *tą̄hijeʀē *tą̄hijumē
Instrumental *tą̄hiju *tą̄hijeʀu *tą̄hiju
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *tą̄hijē *tą̄hijō *tą̄hiju
Accusative *tą̄hijā *tą̄hijā *tą̄hiju
Genitive *tą̄hijeʀō *tą̄hijeʀō *tą̄hijeʀō
Dative *tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum *tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum *tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum
Instrumental *tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum *tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum *tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum

Descendants

  • Old English: tōh
  • Old Frisian: *tāi, *tēi
    • North Frisian: toi
    • Saterland Frisian: toai
    • West Frisian: taai
  • Old Saxon: *tāh, *tāhi
  • Old Dutch: *tāi
  • Old High German: zāh, zāhi
    • Middle High German: zāch, zǣhe, zǣh, zǣch

References

  1. Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 143:PWGmc *tanh(u)
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