< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kroppōn
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *kruppōną, from earlier paradigm *kruppōþi ~ *krubunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *grubʰ-nā́-ti ~ *grubʰ-un-ánti, from Proto-Indo-European *grewbʰ- (“to twist, turn”). Cognate with Lithuanian grubineti (“to stumble”).
Inflection
| Class 2 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *kroppōn | |
| 1st sg. past | *kroppōdā | |
| Infinitive | *kroppōn | |
| Genitive infin. | *kroppōnijas | |
| Dative infin. | *kroppōnijē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *kroppōniju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kroppō | *kroppōdā |
| 2nd singular | *kroppōs | *kroppōdēs, *kroppōdōs |
| 3rd singular | *kroppōþ | *kroppōdē, *kroppōdā |
| 1st plural | *kroppōm | *kroppōdum |
| 2nd plural | *kroppōþ | *kroppōdud |
| 3rd plural | *kroppōnþ | *kroppōdun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kroppō | *kroppōdī |
| 2nd singular | *kroppōs | *kroppōdī |
| 3rd singular | *kroppō | *kroppōdī |
| 1st plural | *kroppōm | *kroppōdīm |
| 2nd plural | *kroppōþ | *kroppōdīd |
| 3rd plural | *kroppōn | *kroppōdīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *kroppō | |
| Plural | *kroppōþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *kroppōndī | *kroppōd |
Related terms
Descendants
- Old Dutch: *kroppōn
- Middle Dutch: cropen
- Old High German: *kroppōn
- Middle High German: *kroppen
- Rhine Franconian: kruppen
- Middle High German: *kroppen
Further reading
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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