< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hōdijan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *hōd (“shelter, protection, defense”) + *-jan. Of uncertain ultimate origin regarding connections outside of West Germanic; often compared to Proto-Germanic *hattuz (“hat, hood”) or *hōdaz (“hood”), both perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to cover, protect”),[1] but the combination of voiceless and aspirated consonants is not common. Perhaps a substrate word,[2] or developed from a causative Proto-Indo-European *koHtéyeti.[3]
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *hōdijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *hōdidā | |
| Infinitive | *hōdijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *hōdijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *hōdijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *hōdijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *hōdiju | *hōdidā |
| 2nd singular | *hōdisi | *hōdidēs, *hōdidōs |
| 3rd singular | *hōdiþi | *hōdidē, *hōdidā |
| 1st plural | *hōdijum | *hōdidum |
| 2nd plural | *hōdiþ | *hōdidud |
| 3rd plural | *hōdijanþ | *hōdidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *hōdijē | *hōdidī |
| 2nd singular | *hōdijēs | *hōdidī |
| 3rd singular | *hōdijē | *hōdidī |
| 1st plural | *hōdijēm | *hōdidīm |
| 2nd plural | *hōdijēþ | *hōdidīd |
| 3rd plural | *hōdijēn | *hōdidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *hōdi | |
| Plural | *hōdiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *hōdijandī | *hōdid |
Descendants
References
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “hüten”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “hoeden”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “hoda”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 238
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