< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grindan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *grindaną.

Verb

*grindan

  1. to grind

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive *grindan
1st sg. past *grand
3rd pl. past *grundun
Past ptcple *grundan
Infinitive *grindan
Genitive infin. *grindannjas
Dative infin. *grindannjē
Instrum. infin. *grindannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *grindu *grand
2nd singular *grindiʀi *grundī
3rd singular *grindidi *grand
1st plural *grindum *grundum
2nd plural *grindid *grundud
3rd plural *grindand *grundun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *grindē *grundī
2nd singular *grindēs *grundī
3rd singular *grindē *grundī
1st plural *grindēm *grundīm
2nd plural *grindēþ *grundīd
3rd plural *grindēn *grundīn
Imperative Present
Singular *grind
Plural *grindid
Present Past
Participle *grindandī *grundan

Descendants

  • Old English: grindan
    • Middle English: grynden, grinden, grenden
      • English: grind
      • Scots: grynde, grynd, grind
      • Yola: grieend, griende
  • Old Frisian: *grinda
    • Saterland Frisian: gríende, griene
  • Old Saxon: *grindan
  • Old Dutch: *grindan
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