< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þwangijan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Germanic *þwangijaną, a causative formation to *þwingan. Otherwise from *þwangi (“force”) + *-jan.
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *þwangijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *þwangidā | |
| Infinitive | *þwangijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *þwangijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *þwangijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *þwangijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *þwangiju | *þwangidā |
| 2nd singular | *þwangisi | *þwangidēs, *þwangidōs |
| 3rd singular | *þwangiþi | *þwangidē, *þwangidā |
| 1st plural | *þwangijum | *þwangidum |
| 2nd plural | *þwangiþ | *þwangidud |
| 3rd plural | *þwangijanþ | *þwangidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *þwangijē | *þwangidī |
| 2nd singular | *þwangijēs | *þwangidī |
| 3rd singular | *þwangijē | *þwangidī |
| 1st plural | *þwangijēm | *þwangidīm |
| 2nd plural | *þwangijēþ | *þwangidīd |
| 3rd plural | *þwangijēn | *þwangidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *þwangi | |
| Plural | *þwangiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *þwangijandī | *þwangid |
Descendants
- Old Saxon: *þwengian
- Middle Low German: dwengen
- Old High German: dwengen
- Middle High German: twengen
- German: zwängen
- Middle High German: twengen
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