< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tȫr
Proto-Turkic
Declension
Declension of *tȫr
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *tȫr |
Accusative | *tȫrni, *tȫrüg 4), *tȫrnig 1) |
Genitive | *tȫrniŋ |
Dative | *tȫrke |
Locative | *tȫrte |
Ablative | *tȫrten |
Allative | *tȫrgerü |
Instrumental 2) | *tȫrün |
Equative 2) | *tȫrče |
Similative 2) | *tȫrleyü |
Comitative 2) | *tȫrlügü |
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Descendants
- Common Turkic:
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (tör)
- Uyghur: [script needed] (tör)
- Uzbek: toʻr
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (tör)
- Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
- Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (tör)
- Karaim: [script needed] (tör)
- Kumyk: [script needed] (tör)
- South Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tör)
- Western Yugur: [script needed] (tör)
- South Siberian:
- Sayan:
- Tuvan: дөр (dör)
- Yenisei:
- Shor: [script needed] (tör)
- Khakas: тӧр
- Sayan:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tör)
References
- al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 121
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “tö:r”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 528
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 494
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “tȫr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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