< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tïgïŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *tïg- (“to blunt”) +‎ *-ïŕ. Oghuz and Kipchak point the stem Proto-Turkic *tïk- (“to stuff”), whence *tïkïz. *tïgïz would be *tïgïz in Oghuz and *tïwïz in Kipchak.

Adjective

*tïgïŕ

  1. firm, tough
  2. narrow, compact, dense

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Oghur: *tïgïr
    • Chuvash: тӑвӑр (tăvăr)
  • Common Turkic: *tïgïz, *tïkïz
  • Oghuz: *tïkïz
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Ottoman Turkish: طیقیز (tıkız)
        • Turkish: tıkız
        • → Armenian: թըխըզ (tʻəxəz)
    • Turkmen: dykyz
  • Karluk:
    • Uzbek: tig'iz
  • Kipchak: *tïkïz
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Kumyk: тыгъыс (tığıs)
      • ⇒ Karachay-Balkar: тыгъырыкъ (tığırıq)
      • Crimean Tatar: tığız
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: тыгыз (tıgız)
      • Southern Altai: туус (tuus)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Karakalpak: тығыз
      • Kazakh: тығыз (tyğyz)
      • Nogai: тыгыз (tıgız)
  • Siberian:
  • ⇒ Proto-Turkic: *tïgrak
    • Siberian:
      • Old Turkic: [script needed] (tïğraq)
        • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tïğraq)
    • Karluk:
      • Karakhanid: تِغْراقْ (tïğrāq)
    • → Proto-Mongolic: *čixirag

References
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 471
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 477
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Tɨgra- / *Tɨgɨŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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