< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/koyug

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions
  • *końug (per Räsänen)

Reconstruction notes

The reconstruction of *koń- is proposed by Räsänen,[1] but is based only on the not quite reliable Tofalar nasalization, Old Turkic and Yakut evidence does not support it.

Etymology

From *koyu- (“to become viscous, thick”) +‎ *-g.

Adjective

*koyug

  1. thick, saturated
    Synonyms: *kalïŋ, *yogan
    Antonym: *yiŋčge

Descendants
  • Oghur:
  • Common Turkic:
  • Proto-Oghuz: *goyuɣ
    • West Oghuz:
      • Azerbaijani: qoyu
      • Azerbaijani: قویوق (balloon) (Iran)
      • Ottoman Turkish: قویو (koyu)
        • Turkish: koyu
        • → Armenian: խօյի (xōyi), կույի (kuyi)
    • East Oghuz:
      • Turkmen: goýy
  • Karluk:
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: ҡуйы (quyı)
      • Tatar: куе (quye)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: qoyu
      • Karachay-Balkar: къою (qoyu)
      • Karaim: koju
      • Kumyk: къою (qoyu)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Nogai: койы (koyı)
      • Kazakh: қою (qoü)
    • East Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Siberian Tatar: ҡуйы (quyï)
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan Turkic:
        • Tuvan: хоюг (xoyug)
        • Tofa: [script needed] (konьug)
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: хойығ (xoyığ)
        • Shor: қойуғ (qoyuğ)

References
  1. Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 276
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 676
  • Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Indrik, pages 32-33
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*koyug”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎ (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 562
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