Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/köp-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *köxe- (“to swell”), also Proto-Tungusic *xopu-n (“foam”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Verb

*köp-

(intransitive) to swell

Derived terms

*köp-ük (“foam”)
*köp-ür- (“to foam”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- ⇒ Chuvash: кăпăк (kăpăk)
Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: köpmək
  - Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (köpmek)
    - Turkish: köpmek (dialect)
- Turkmen: köpmek
Karluk:
- ⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (köpürmek)
  - Uzbek: kopmoq (dialect)
  - Uyghur: [script needed] (köpmek)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: [script needed] (küp-)
  - Tatar: [script needed] (küp-)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar:
  - Kumyk: [script needed] (göp-)
  - Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (köp-)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: [script needed] (köp-)
    - ⇒ Kazakh: көбік (köbık)
    - Nogai: [script needed] (köp-)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: көбүү (köbüü)
    - Southern Altai: кӧп- (köp-)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (köpük)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: [script needed] (köp-)
  - Dolgan: [script needed] (köbüy-)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - ⇒ Tuvan: [script needed] (kö'vük)
    - ⇒ Tofa: [script needed] (kö'pük)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: [script needed] (köp-)

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*köp-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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