< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čōk

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čok-

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Oghuz, Gagauz and Turkish point to a long vowel.[1]

Adjective

*čōk

  1. vile, hooligan
  2. many, very
    Antonym: *āŕ (“few, a little”)

Descendants
  • Oghuz: جُوقْ (çōk, “vile, hooligan”)[2]
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: çox
      • Ottoman Turkish: چوق (çok)
        • Gagauz: çok (çoy-)
        • Turkish: çok (çoğ-)
        • → Crimean Tatar: çoq
        • → Karaim: čok
  • Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Karakalpak: [script needed] (şoq, “vile, hooligan”)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: чок (cok)
        • ⇒ Southern Altai: чогулар (čogular)
  • Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan:
        • Tuvan: [script needed] (šoɣ, “vile, hooligan”)
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: [script needed] (sox, “vile, hooligan”)

References
  1. Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*čok”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  2. al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, pages 130, 280
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 405
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