< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/turiti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Uncertain:
- Skok: Possibly of expressive or onomatopoeic origin.
- Sobolevsky: Related to Proto-Slavic *turъ (“auroch”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to strike, to push”). Dismissed by Vasmer.
Verb
*turiti impf (perfective *turnǫti)
Alternative forms
- *turati
Inflection
Conjugation of *turiti, *turi, *turitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tuřenьje | *turiti | *turitъ | *turilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tuřenъ | *turimъ |
| Active | *tuřь | *turę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *turixъ | *turi | *turi | *tuřǫ | *turiši | *turitь |
| Dual | *turixově | *turista | *turiste | *turivě | *turita | *turite |
| Plural | *turixomъ | *turiste | *turišę | *turimъ | *turite | *turętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tuřaaxъ | *tuřaaše | *tuřaaše | — | *turi | *turi |
| Dual | *tuřaaxově | *tuřaašeta | *tuřaašete | *turivě | *turita | — |
| Plural | *tuřaaxomъ | *tuřaašete | *tuřaaxǫ | *turimъ | *turite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*turivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *tyrati, *natyrati (“to chase away”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: туры́ць (turýcʹ)
- Russian: тури́ть (turítʹ) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: тури́ти (turýty)
- South Slavic
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тури́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “турити”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Etymology 2
Per Mladenov, possibly of Proto-Balto-Slavic origin, akin to stative Lithuanian turėti (“to have”), Latvian turēt (“to hold”).
Some authors equate the perfective verb with Etymology 1, however, in view of the semantic mismatch between Bulgarian туря́м (turjám, “to put, to place”) versus вту́рвам се (vtúrvam se, “to rush, to dart”) (the later descendant from *turnǫti pf (“to chase”)) the two homophones most likely are unrelated.
Inflection
Conjugation of *turiti, *turi, *turitь (perf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tuřenьje | *turiti | *turitъ | *turilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tuřenъ | — |
| Active | *tuřь | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *turixъ | *turi | *turi | *tuřǫ | *turiši | *turitь |
| Dual | *turixově | *turista | *turiste | *turivě | *turita | *turite |
| Plural | *turixomъ | *turiste | *turišę | *turimъ | *turite | *turętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *turi | *turi |
| Dual | — | — | — | *turivě | *turita | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *turimъ | *turite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*turivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Further reading
- “turėti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
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