< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lomiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lamˀ-, from Proto-Indo-European *lemH-, *h₃lemH-.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian lémti (“to decide, to determine”), Latvian lem̃t (“to decide, to determine”), Old Prussian lembtwey, limtwey, limtwei (“to break”).

Per Vasmer, cognate with Old Norse lemja (“to beat”). Compare English lame.

Verb

*lomìti impf[1][2]

  1. to break

Inflection
Conjugation of *lomiti, *lomi, *lomitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*lomľenьje *lomiti *lomitъ *lomilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *lomľenъ *lomimъ
Active *lomľь *lomę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *lomixъ*lomi*lomi *lomľǫ*lomiši*lomitь
Dual *lomixově*lomista*lomiste *lomivě*lomita*lomite
Plural *lomixomъ*lomiste*lomišę *lomimъ*lomite*lomętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *lomľaaxъ*lomľaaše*lomľaaše —*lomi*lomi
Dual *lomľaaxově*lomľaašeta*lomľaašete *lomivě*lomita—
Plural *lomľaaxomъ*lomľaašete*lomľaaxǫ *lomimъ*lomite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*lomivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
  • *emexъ (“plowshare”)
  • *emešь (“plow(share)”)
  • *emežь (“plow(share)”)
  • *lemexъ (“plow(share)”)
  • *lemešь (“plow(share)”)
  • *lemežь (“plow(share)”)
  • *lamъ (“hollow, bend”)
  • *lomъ (“crowbar; fracture, breakage”)
  • *buřelomъ (“windfall (of trees)”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: ломити (lomiti)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: lomiti
    • Polabian: lümĕt
    • Old Polish: łomić
      • Polish: łomić (14th-17th century or dialectal)
    • Slovak: lomiť
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: łomiś

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ломи́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lomiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 16

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lomìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 284: “v. (b) ‘break’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “lomiti: lomjǫ lomitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b brække (PR 137)”
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