Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(š)četina

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *(š)četь +‎ *-ina.

Noun

*ščetìna f[1]

bristle

Declension

Declension of *(š)četina (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(š)četina	*(š)četině	*(š)četiny
genitive	*(š)četiny	*(š)četinu	*(š)četinъ
dative	*(š)četině	*(š)četinama	*(š)četinamъ
accusative	*(š)četinǫ	*(š)četině	*(š)četiny
instrumental	(š)četinojǫ, (š)četinǫ^**	*(š)četinama	*(š)četinami
locative	*(š)četině	*(š)četinu	(š)četinasъ, (š)četinaxъ^*
vocative	*(š)četino	*(š)četině	*(š)četiny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*(š)četъka (“brush”)

Descendants

With s-mobile:

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *щетина (*ščetina)
  - Old Ruthenian: щети́на (ščetína)
    - Belarusian: шчаці́на (ščacína)
    - Ukrainian: щети́на (ščetýna)
  - Russian: щети́на (ščetína)
South Slavic:
- Slovene: ščetína (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: štětina
- Kashubian: szczecëna
- Old Polish: szczecina
  - Polish: szczecina
- Polabian: såcitaină
- Slovak: štetina
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: šćeśina

Without s-mobile:

South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: чѐтина (čètina)
- Macedonian: четина (četina)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: чѐтина
  
  Latin script: čètina

References

Snoj, Marko (2016) “ščetína”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan.*ščeti̋na”

Vasmer, Max (1973) “щети́на”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 4 (Т – Ящур), Moscow: Progress, page 505
Semjonov, A. V. (2003) “щетина”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (Русский язык от А до Я) (in Russian), Moscow: Junves, →ISBN

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[1] Snoj, Marko (2016) “ščetína”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan.*ščeti̋na”