< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľudьskъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

By surface analysis, *ľudъ (“people”) +‎ *-ьskъ.

Adjective

*ľudьskъ[1]

  1. human

Declension
Indefinite declension of *ľudьskъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}o
genitive *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}y *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a
dative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u
accusative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ǫ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}o
instrumental *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}omь *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ojǫ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}omь
locative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě
vocative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}e *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}o *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}o
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě
genitive *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u
dative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}oma *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ama *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}oma
accusative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě
instrumental *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}oma *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ama *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}oma
locative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}u
vocative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ě
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}i *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}y *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a
genitive *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъ
dative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}omъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}amъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}omъ
accusative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}y *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}y *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a
instrumental *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}y *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ami *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}y
locative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěxъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}axъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěxъ
vocative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}i *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}y *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}a
Definite declension of *ľudьskъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъjь *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}oje
genitive *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ajego *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yję̇ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ajego
dative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ujemu *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ujemu
accusative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъjь *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ǫjǫ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}oje
instrumental *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimь *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ǫjǫ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimь
locative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ějemь *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ějemь
vocative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъjь *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}oje
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji
genitive *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}uju *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}uju *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}uju
dative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjima *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjima *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjima
accusative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji
instrumental *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjima *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjima *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjima
locative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}uju *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}uju *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}uju
vocative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ěji
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}iji *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yję̇ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja
genitive *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъjixъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъjixъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}ъjixъ
dative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimъ
accusative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yję̇ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yję̇ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja
instrumental *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimi *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimi *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjimi
locative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjixъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjixъ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yjixъ
vocative *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}iji *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}yję̇ *{{{1}}}{{{2}}}aja

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: людьскъ (ljudĭskŭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Glagolitic script: ⰾⱓⰴⱐⱄⰽⱏ (ljudĭskŭ)
      Old Cyrillic script: людьскъ (ljudĭskŭ)
      • Bulgarian: лю̀дски (ljùdski)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: љу̀дскӣ
      Latin script: ljùdskī
    • Slovene: ljȗdski (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: ľudský
    • Old Polish: ludzki
      • Masurian: ludzki
      • Polish: ludzki
      • Silesian: ludzki
      • → Old Ruthenian: людзкїй (ljudzkij)
    • Old Slovak: ľudský
      • Pannonian Rusyn: людски (ljudski)
      • Slovak: ľudský
    • Pomeranian:
      • Kashubian: lëdzczi
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: ludski
      • Upper Sorbian: ludski

References
  1. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*ľudьskъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 203
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