Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/k-la

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: ?
- Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *k-la (Matisoff, STEDT)

Borrowed from Proto-Mon-Khmer *klaʔ (“tiger”), whence also Thai ขลา (khla, “tiger”).

Noun

Panthera tigris corbetti, the Indochinese tiger.

*k-la

tiger

Descendants

Old Chinese: 虎 (*qʰˁraʔ (B-S, western dialect), qʰlaːʔ (ZS), “tiger”), 於菟／于菟 (wūtú), 烏䖘／乌䖘 (wūtú), 䖘 (*qa-tʰaː < **ʔa-l̥aː < **ʔa- + **klaː (ancient Chu dialect), “tiger”), 於檡／于𰗛 (*qa-rlaːɡ < **ʔa-l̥aːg (variant), “tiger”)
(虎 in the oracle bone script)　
- Middle Chinese: 虎 (huoX)

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**:

→ Japanese: 虎 (こ, ko)
Korean: 호 (虎, ho)
Vietnamese: hổ (虎)

- - Modern Mandarin
    - Beijing: 虎 (hǔ, /xu²¹⁴/)
  - Cantonese
    - Guangzhou: 虎 /fuː³⁵/
  - Wu
    - Shanghai: 虎 /hɯ³⁴/
- Min
  - Min Nan
    - Taiwan: 虎 /hɔ⁵¹/
Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
- Lolo-Burmese
  /*(k-)la/ (Benedict, 1972)
  - Burmish
    - Burmic
      - Burmese: ကျား (kya:, “tiger”) (< kla (Inscriptional Burmese)) /tɕá/
    - Maruic
      - Pela: la³¹ (“tiger, leopard”)
  - Loloish
    - Northern Loloish
      - Yi (Liangshan): ꆿ (lat, “tiger”)
    - Central Loloish
      - Lisu (Southern): ꓡꓽ (lɑ̀, “tiger”)
      - Lahu: lâ (“tiger”)

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