< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/piʔat-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*piʔat- f

  1. side, edge, front

Inflection
Declension of *piʔat-
Case Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *piʔatum *piʔatāna *piʔātum
Genitive *piʔatim *piʔatayna *piʔātim
Accusative *piʔatam
possessive forms
1st person *piʔatī / *piʔatVya — *piʔatVni
2nd person m *piʔatVka *piʔatVkumā / *piʔatVkumay *piʔatVkum(ū)
2nd person f *piʔatVki *piʔatVkin(ā)
3rd person m *piʔatVšu *piʔatVšumā / *piʔatVšumay *piʔatVšum(ū)
3rd person f *piʔatVša *piʔatVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *piʔatuya for nom. case, *piʔatiya for gen. case, *piʔataya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *piʔat-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *piʔatuka *piʔatāka *piʔātuka
Genitive *piʔatika *piʔatayka *piʔātika
Accusative *piʔataka
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *piʔat-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *piʔatuki *piʔatāki *piʔātuki
Genitive *piʔatiki *piʔatayki *piʔātiki
Accusative *piʔataki

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒊕𒆠 (pūtum) (vowel shift perhaps under the influence of the labial /p/)
      • → Aramaic: (if not instead from *ʔanp- (“nose”) blended with this or suffixed -ūṯā)
        Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אַפּוּתָא (ʾappūṯā)
        Classical Mandaic: ࡐࡅࡕࡀ (pūṯā)
        Classical Syriac: ܐܰܦܾ݁ܘܬܳܐ (ʾappūṯā)
      • → Hebrew: פֹּת (pot, pōṯ)
    • Eblaite: 𒉈𒀀𒌈 (bí-a-tum /⁠piʾatum⁠/)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: فِئَة (fiʔa)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
          Jewish Literary Aramaic: פָּאתָא (pāṯā), פָּתָא (pāṯā)
          Samaritan Aramaic: ࠐࠀࠕࠄ (fʾth)
        • Canaanite:
          • → Akkadian: 𒁉𒀀𒌈 (piātum)
          • Hebrew: פֵּאָה (pe'á, pēʾâ), construct פְּאַת (pe'át, pəʾaṯ)
        • Ugaritic: 𐎔𐎀𐎚 (pảt)
    • Ethiopian:
      • North Ethiopian Semitic:
        • Ge'ez: ⇒ univerbized with *la- (“for”) to ለፌ (läfe, “in the direction of or from, thence or thither”)
      • South Ethiopian Semitic:
        • Amharic: ፊት (fit)
        • Argobba: ፊድ (fid)
        • Harari: ፊት (fit)
        • Gurage:
          • Northern Gurage:
            • Aymälläl: ኢፍት (ift)
            • Goggot: ኢፍት (ift)
          • East Gurage:
            • Silt'e: ኡፍት (uft)
            • Wolane: ኡፍት (uft)
            • Zay: እፊት (əfit)
          • West Gurage:
            • Mesqan: ኢፍት (ift)
            • Sebat Bet Gurage:
              Čaha, Eža, Gyeto: ዪፍት (yift)
              Ennemor, Endegeñ, Muher: ኢፍት (ift)
    • Modern South Arabian:
      • Soqotri: fī́ʾɔh

References
  • Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19)‎, Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 85
  • Kogan, Leonid, Krebernik, Manfred, editors (2020), Etymological Dictionary of Akkadian. Volume 1 Roots beginning with p and b, Leiden: Brill
  • Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2000) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volumes I: Anatomy of Man and Animals, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 180–182, Nr. 204
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, pages 151–152
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1875) Mandäische Grammatik‎ (in German), Halle: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, page 485, to Nöldeke, Theodor (1875) Mandäische Grammatik‎ (in German), Halle: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, page 97 footnote 1
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