< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/mut-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Hausa mùtûm and possibly Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⵜⵜ (tamṭṭutt, “woman, wife”).

Noun

*mut- m

  1. person, man

Declension
Declension of *mut-
Case Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *mutum *mutāna plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive *mutim *mutayna plural stem + *-īna
Accusative *mutam
possessive forms
1st person *mutī / *mutVya — *mutVni
2nd person m *mutVka *mutVkumā / *mutVkumay *mutVkum(ū)
2nd person f *mutVki *mutVkin(ā)
3rd person m *mutVšu *mutVšumā / *mutVšumay *mutVšum(ū)
3rd person f *mutVša *mutVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *mutuya for nom. case, *mutiya for gen. case, *mutaya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *mut-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *mutuka *mutāka plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive *mutika *mutayka plural stem + *-īka
Accusative *mutaka
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *mut-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *mutuki *mutāki plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive *mutiki *mutayki plural stem + *-īki
Accusative *mutaki

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒁮 (mutum, “husband, man, warrior”)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Canaanite:
        • Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎚 (mt /⁠mutu⁠/, “husband, man, person”)
    • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Ge'ez: ምት (mət, “man”)

References
  • Kogan, Leonid (2015) Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
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