< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔurḫ-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Inflection
Masculine:
Declension of *ʔurḫ-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʔurḫum | *ʔurḫāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʔurḫim | *ʔurḫayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʔurḫam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʔurḫī / *ʔurḫVya | — | *ʔurḫVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʔurḫVka | *ʔurḫVkumā / *ʔurḫVkumay | *ʔurḫVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʔurḫVki | *ʔurḫVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʔurḫVšu | *ʔurḫVšumā / *ʔurḫVšumay | *ʔurḫVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʔurḫVša | *ʔurḫVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔurḫuya for nom. case, *ʔurḫiya for gen. case, *ʔurḫaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔurḫ-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔurḫ-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Femenine:
Declension of *ʔurḫ-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʔurḫum | *ʔurḫāna | *ʔurḫātum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʔurḫim | *ʔurḫayna | *ʔurḫātim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʔurḫam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʔurḫī / *ʔurḫVya | — | *ʔurḫVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʔurḫVka | *ʔurḫVkumā / *ʔurḫVkumay | *ʔurḫVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʔurḫVki | *ʔurḫVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʔurḫVšu | *ʔurḫVšumā / *ʔurḫVšumay | *ʔurḫVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʔurḫVša | *ʔurḫVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔurḫuya for nom. case, *ʔurḫiya for gen. case, *ʔurḫaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔurḫ-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔurḫ-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Descendants
References
- Kogan, Leonid (2015) Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
- Huehnergard, John (2019) “Proto-Semitic”, in Huehnergard, John and Na'ama Pat-El, editors, The Semitic Languages, 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN
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