< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔapʕaw-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Inflection
Declension of *ʔapʕaw-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʔapʕawum | *ʔapʕawāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʔapʕawim | *ʔapʕawayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʔapʕawam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʔapʕawī / *ʔapʕawVya | — | *ʔapʕawVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʔapʕawVka | *ʔapʕawVkumā / *ʔapʕawVkumay | *ʔapʕawVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʔapʕawVki | *ʔapʕawVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʔapʕawVšu | *ʔapʕawVšumā / *ʔapʕawVšumay | *ʔapʕawVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʔapʕawVša | *ʔapʕawVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔapʕawuya for nom. case, *ʔapʕawiya for gen. case, *ʔapʕawaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔapʕaw-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔapʕaw-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Declension of *ʔapʕaw-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʔapʕawum | *ʔapʕawāna | *ʔapʕawātum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʔapʕawim | *ʔapʕawayna | *ʔapʕawātim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʔapʕawam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʔapʕawī / *ʔapʕawVya | — | *ʔapʕawVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʔapʕawVka | *ʔapʕawVkumā / *ʔapʕawVkumay | *ʔapʕawVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʔapʕawVki | *ʔapʕawVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʔapʕawVšu | *ʔapʕawVšumā / *ʔapʕawVšumay | *ʔapʕawVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʔapʕawVša | *ʔapʕawVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔapʕawuya for nom. case, *ʔapʕawiya for gen. case, *ʔapʕawaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔapʕaw-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔapʕaw-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Descendants
- East Semitic:
- Eblaite: 𒉌𒁀𒅇𒌝 (ì-pá-ù-um)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Arabic: أَفْعًى (ʔafʕan)
- Northwest Semitic:
- Canaanite:
- Hebrew: אֶפְעֶה (ʾep̄ʿê)
- Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎔𐎓 (ảpʿ /ʾapʿā/)
- Canaanite:
- Ethiopian Semitic:
- Amharic: እፉኝት (ʾəffuññət), ፉኝት (fuññət), እፍኝት (ʾəffəññət), ፍኝት (fəññət), እምፉት (ʾəmfut)
- Ge'ez: አፍዖት (ʾäfʿot)
- Harari: ሒፊኝ (ḥiffiñ)
- Tigrinya: አፍዑት (ʾäfʿut), አፍዖት (ʾäfʿot)
- Tigre: አፍዖት (ʾäfʿot)
- → Awngi: አፉወ (afuwa)
- Central Semitic:
References
- Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume II: Animal Names, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, page 14, nr. 10
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